w
W3Schools The world's largest web developer site. Website
wabbit (fork bomb) Wikipedia
Walkman Portable cassette tape player from Sony. First released July 1, 1979. Wikipedia
WAN Interface Card (WIC) Wikipedia Cisco
WAN Switch Cisco
WannaCry (aka: WannaCrypt) Ransomware worm that originated from leaked National Security Agency (NSA) tools. Attacked unpatched Windows computers in over 150 countries including computers in the National Health Service (NHS) on May 12, 2017. NHS Digital PC World New York Times Wikipedia
War of the Worlds The Mercury Theatre's radio adaptation of The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells was broadcast on October 30, 1938. Wikipedia
wardialing Scanning for telephone numbers with a modem. Wikipedia
Wardriving Searching for and trying to connect to a wireless network while driving around. Wikipedia
Watchdog Timer (WDT) Timer used to detect and recover from computer malfunctions. Often found in embedded computers. Wikipedia
watchOS 4 Released September 19, 2017. Website Wikipedia
watering hole attack Where a hacker determines sites you may want to visit and then compromises those sites by planning viruses or malicious code on them. Once you visit the site(s) that you trust, you are infected with malware. Wikipedia
watt (W) Measurement of true power. SI unit of power.
- P = E × I
wavelength multiplexing Fame encoding technique used in fiber optic media.
Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) Technology which multiplexes a number of optical carrier signals onto a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths (i.e., colors) of laser light. Wikipedia
Wayland Wikipedia
Weave Communications layer for IoT devices. Developed by Google. Announced May 28, 2015. Website Ars Technica
Web Application Firewall (WAF) Detects how applications interact with the environment.Optimal for detecting SQL injections and XSS.
web beacon (aka: web bug, tracking pixel) 1-pixel x 1-pixel image file referenced in an tag, and it usually works with a cookie. Wikipedia
web browser An application used to access web pages from servers over the internet. Wikipedia
web clip icon Used in a website or web app as the homescreen icon in iOS. Basically a favicon for iOS. Wikipedia iOS Developer Library - iOS Human Interface Guidelines iOS Developer Library - Safari Web Content Guide
web safe font Offer compatibility with most modern browsers. W3Schools
Web Services-Management (WS-Management) Wikipidea
web threat Any threat that uses the World Wide Web to facilitate cybercrime. Wikipedia
weber (Wb) SI unit of magnetic lines of flux. 1 Wb = 100 million lines of flux. Named after German physicist Wilhelm Eduard Weber. Wikipedia
Weber's Law ΔI = kI Wikipedia
West Coast Computer Faire First held April 16, 1977. Wikipedia
Westmere (Formerly Nehalem-C) Microarchitecture codename from Intel. First releasaed January 7, 2010. Wikipedia
What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) Wikipedia
WHERE SQL clause that narrows query results. Can be used with SELECT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements to restrict rows affected by the DDL command. Wikipedia
while loop Loop that runs while it is true. Wikipedia
whitelisting Technique used by an administrator to allow access to only a specific approved list of applications.
whois Used to lookup domain name information. Wikipedia ICANN RFC 3912
Wi-Fi A WLAN technology. Uses the CSMA/CA media access process. Supposedly the name Wi-Fi is a play on words for Hi-Fi. Wikipedia
Wi-Fi deauthentication attack Type of DoS attack that targets communication between a wireless client and a wireless access point in hopes of causing them to deauthenticate with each other and disconnect. Wikipedia
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) Wikipedia
Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2) (aka: 802.11i) Includes mandatory support for CCMP, an AES encryption. Replaced WPA. Required for all new devices to bear the Wi-Fi trademark starting March 13, 2006. Wikipedia
Wi-Fi Protected Access III (WPA3) Uses 192-bit encryption and individualized encryption for each user. Announced as a replacement to WPA2 by the Wi-Fi Alliance January 2018. Wikipedia
Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) (originally Wi-Fi Simple Config) Created by the Wi-Fi Alliance with the goal of giving users a push-button configuration to set up WPA, as well as making it easy to add new devices to an existing network without entering long passphrases. WPS PIN can be recovered by an attacker through a brute-force attack. Introduced in 2006. Major security flaw revealed in December 2011. Wikipedia
Wide Area Application Services (WAAS)
Wide Area Network (WAN) Network that spans a large geographical area such as multiple buildings far apart on a campus. Uses mostly OSI layers 1 and 2. Connections are typically leased out by a service provider. Wikipedia
Wii Video game console made by Nintendo. First released in North America November 19, 2006. Wikipedia
wiki Collaboration tool that allows people to add, modify or delete content with others. A compilation of knowledge. Wikipedia
Wikipedia Worlds most popular wiki. Launched January 15, 2001. Wikipedia Website
wildcard
% | Can be used as a wildcard with SQL LIKE operators. |
* | |
? | matches a single character |
Wildcard mask The inverse of a subnet mask. 255.255.255.255 - subnet mask = wildcard address (0.0.0.255 wildcard for a 255.255.255.0 subnet). When configured with the network command in EIGRP, it is used to exclude some interfaces from the EIGRP process. Minimize load cost and SPF calculations in OSPF.
Wind River Linux Source code and a build system that generate runtime images suitable for embedded devices. It supports a variety of architectures, including ARM, MIPS, PowerPC, IA32 and SPARC. Website Wikipedia
Wind River Systems Alameda, California-based that company develops embedded system software. Founded by Jerry Fiddler and Dave Wilner in 1981. Website Wikipedia
WinDbg Website
WinDirStat Disk usage statistics viewer and cleanup tool for various versions of Microsoft Windows. Website
window The border around an application. Can be traced as far back as the Xerox Alto. Wikipedia
window size The amount of data that a source can transmit before an acknowledgement must be received. One of the fields in the TCP header that enables the management of lost data and flow control. Wikipedia
Windows Operating system developed by Microsoft. Website Wikipedia Wikipedia (Version List) MSDN (Operating System Version)
Windows 1.01 Released November 20, 1985. Website Wikipedia
Windows 10 Codename: Threshold. Version: 10.0.10240. Initially released to the public July 29, 2015. Download Wikipedia
Windows 10 IT Center "Browse the lifecycle to find tools, step-by-step guides, and other resources to help you deploy and support Windows 10 in your organization." Website
Windows 2000 Wikipedia
Windows 3.1 (codenamed Janus) Released April 6, 1992. Wikipedia This Day in Tech History
Windows 4.0 Wikipedia
Windows 7 (Version 6.1.7600) Initially released October 22, 2009. Wikipedia
Windows 7 Service Pack 1 (Version 6.1.7601) Released February 22, 2011. Wikipedia
Windows 8 Released October 26, 2012. Wikipedia
Windows 8.1 Version 6.3.9600. Released April 8, 2014. Wikipedia
Windows 95 (Chicago) Wikipedia
Windows 98 (code name: Memphis) Released May 15, 1998. Wikipedia
Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (Windows ADK) Customize Windows 10 images for large-scale deployment, and test system performance. TechNet
Windows Assessment Deployment Kit (ADK)
Windows Audio Device Graph Isolation Helps sandbox audio in Windows from crashing the whole system if there is an audio issue. Can have high system resource usage. Fix by checking the "Disable all enhancements" box on the "Enhancements" tab of the playback device properties. How-To Geek
Windows Automated Installation Kit (AIK) Website
Windows Defender SmartScreen Demo Pages These pages are just for demonstration ... nothing is actually malicious. Website
Windows Defender SmartScreen Demo Pages These pages are just for demonstration ... nothing is actually malicious. Website
Windows Boot Manager (Bootmgr.exe) Introduced with Windows Vista. MSDN Wikipedia
Windows Compatibility Center Website Wikipedia
Windows Defender Antivirus program built into Windows. First released October 24, 2006. Website Wikipedia
Windows Deployment Services (WDS) Server must be a member of an Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) domain. Requires DHCP and DNS. Server roll in Windows Server used to set up new computers or push out a new image. Must have a NTFS partition to store images. Wikipedia TechNet
Windows Driver Model (WDM) (aka: Win32 Driver Model) Wikipedia
Windows Explorer has stopped working "A problem caused the program to stop working correctly. Windows will close the program and notify you if a solution is available." Error message for Windows Explorer.
Windows Firewall (Formerly: Internet Connection Firewall) Software firewall built into Windows. First included with Windows XP. TechNet Wikipedia
Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) Interface for components to provide information and notification. Wikipedia
Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) Command line version of WMI. Wikipedia
Windows ME Released September 14, 2000. Wikipedia
Windows NT Family of operating systems from Microsoft. This began with Windows NT 3.1 released July 27, 1993. Wikipedia
Windows NT 3.1 Released July 27, 1993. Wikipedia
Windows NT 4.0 Released July 31, 1996. Wikipedia
Windows operating system loader (Winload.exe) Invoked by the Windows Boot Manager. Uses the path specified by BOOTMGR. Introduced with Windows Vista. MSDN Wikipedia
Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE) Wikipedia
Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) Wikipedia
Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) Recovery tools and options such as system restore and booting from USB. Wikipedia
Windows RT Version of Windows for ARM processors. Released October 26, 2012. Wikipedia
Windows Runtime (WinRT) Wikipedia
Windows Server 2008 RTM February 4, 2008. General availability February 27, 2008. Website Wikipedia
Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (SP1) Released February 9, 2011 Wikipedia
Windows Server 2016 Network operating system from Microsoft. RTM September 26, 2016.General availability October 12, 2016. Wikipedia
Windows Server Backup Replaced NTbackup.exe. TechNet
Windows Server Failover Clustering (WSFC) Windows server 2012 supports 64 physical cluster nodes. TechNet
Windows Server Insider Preview Build 16237 First Windows Server Insider Preview build available to Windows Insiders. Released July 13, 2017. Windows Blogs
Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) (HTTP port 8530 or HTTPS port 8531) TechNet TechNet Wikipedia
Windows Shell The GUI for Windows. Wikipedia
Windows Startup Settings (aka: Advanced startup options) Allows you access things such as Safe Mode or Startup Repair. In Windows 10, go to Settings > Update & Security > Recovery >Advanced startup > Restart now. Microsoft (Windows 8 Startup Settings) Microsoft(Advanced startup options for Windows 7/Vista)
Windows System Image Manager (SIM) Recommended way to create an answer file. Can also check answer files. Part of the Windows Assessment Deployment Kit (ADK).
Windows Vista (Longhorn) Released January 30, 2007. Wikipedia
Windows XP (Whistler) Initially released October 25, 2001. Wikipedia
WinRAR File archiver. First released April 22, 1995. Website Wikipedia
WinSCP (aka: Windows Secure Copy) Free and open-source SFTP, FTP, WebDAV, Amazon S3 and SCP client for Microsoft Windows. Development began March 2000. Website Wikipedia
winver Displays the Windows version. Wikipedia
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) (deprecated) Uses the RC4 stream cipher for confidentiality, and the CRC-32 checksum for integrity. Can be easily hacked. Introduced as part of the original 802.11 standard ratified in 1997. Superseded by Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) in 2003. Deprecated in 2004. Wikipedia
Wireless Access Point (WAP) Wikipedia
Wireless ad hoc network (WANET) A wireless LAN topology. When two or more devices are directly connected through a wireless network without extra infrastructure. Wikipedia
Wireless Internet Service Provider (WISP)
Wireless LAN (WLAN) A LAN that uses radio waves to transmit data. Use the older CSMA/CA to decide when to gain access to the wireless media. Three main categories: IBSS, BSS, and ESS. Wikipedia
Wireshark An open-source packet analyzer used for network troubleshooting and analysis. Wikipedia
WLAN coverage Recommended amount of coverage overlap in a 2.4GHz WLAN is 10-15% to prevent connections from dropping when roaming between coverage cells. Use nonoverlapping channels for adjacent cells.
work area The outlets that connect to hosts through horizontal cabling. Two outlets should be provided at the wall plate; one for voice and one for data. Wikipedia
Workgroup Microsoft's name for a peer-to-peer Windows network. Wikipedia
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Wikipedia
World of Warcraft (WoW) Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG) from Blizzard Entertainment. First released November 23, 2004. Website Wikipedia
world readable All files in a directory are readable by the world group. Wikipedia
World Wide Web (WWW) (aka: the Web, port 80) HTTP/web services. Information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs, such as https://www.example.com/), which may be interlinked by hypertext, and are accessible via the Internet. The resources of the WWW may be accessed by users via a software application called a web browser. Invented by English scientist Tim Berners-Lee while working for CERN by submitting Information Management: A Proposal on March 12, 1989. Wikipedia
worldwde name (WWN) convention
Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) Annual Apple developer conference. Began in 1983. Website Wikipedia
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) Wikipedia
worm Malicious code that replicates itself. Responsible for some of the most devastating attacks on the internet. Primarily network based and can slow networks down. Can run on its own without user interaction. Tend to exploit software vulnerabilities.
| Three major parts: |
|---|
| enabling vulnerability |
| propagation mechanism |
| payload |
First used in John Brunner's 1975 novel, The Shockwave Rider. First appearance on the internet was the Morris worm released November 2, 1988. Wikipedia YouTube Netacad
worm enabling vulnerability How the worm is installed. Usually through email attachments,
worm mitigation Process used to isolate and attempt to remove a worm. Four phases of worm mitigation: Containment --> { inoculation } | { quarantine --> treatment }
| containment phase: | Limits the spread of the worm through compartmentalization and segmentation of the network to slow it down or stop it entirely. Requires the use of ACLs on routers and firewalls at control points. |
| inoculation phase: | Infected systems are patched. Runs parallel to or subsequent to the containment phase. |
| quarantine phase: | Identify infected machines. Isolates these systems for the treatment phase by disconnecting, blocking, or removing them. treatment phase: Disinfect systems of the worm by removing modified files or system settings. This can also include reinstalling the operating system. |
| treatment phase: | Disinfect systems of the worm by removing modified files or system settings. This can also include reinstalling the operating system. |
worm payload malicious code that is often used to create a backdoor.
worm propagation mechanism how the worm replicates itself.
Write Once Read Many (WORM) Typically found on optical media. Punch cards are an old form of WORM. Wikipedia
Write-Debug PowerShell cmdlet.
Write-Error PowerShell cmdlet.
Write-Information PowerShell cmdlet.
Write-Output PowerShell cmdlet.
Write-Progress PowerShell cmdlet.
Write-Verbose PowerShell cmdlet.
Write-Warning PowerShell cmdlet.
WWDC 2017 June 5-9 at the McEnery Convention Center in San Jose. Website Wikipedia
WWDC 2018 June 4-8 in San Jose, CA. Website Wikipedia
WWDC 2019 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference June 3-7 in San Jose, CA. Website Wikipedia
WWDC 2020 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference June 22-26 all online. Website Wikipedia Apple Newsroom