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M.2 Wikipedia
MAC address spoofing Technique for impersonating a different address then factory-assigned on a NIC. Since MAC addresses can be spoofed, examining MAC filtering logs may not provide any indication of an unauthorized host. Wikipedia
MAC database instability When the same broadcast frames are received on a switch, an endless loop can occur. Ethernet frames do not have TTL so they are constantly forwarded, confusing the MAC address table. Wikipedia
Mac Mini Small form factor computer made by Apple. Released January 22, 2005. Website Wikipedia
Mac Pro High-end workstation made by Apple. First released August 7, 2006. Website Wikipedia
machine Tool powered by energy to perform a task. Wikipedia
machine code The lowest level programming Wikipedia
machine learning Wikipedia
MAchine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) Standard for items catalogued by libraries. Developed by Henriette Avram in the 1960s. Wikipedia
machine-readable data Data that can be understood by a computer. Wikipedia
Macintosh (Mac) Line of computers made by Apple. Commonly shortened to just Mac. First released January 24, 1984. Website Wikipedia
Macintosh Portable Released September 20, 1989. Wikipedia
macOS (formerly OS X, Mac OS) UNIX-based operating system from Apple for their Macintosh computers.
| Version | Codename | Release Date |
| Mac OS X 10.0 | Cheetah | 2001 |
| Mac OS X 10.1 | Puma | 2001 |
| Mac OS X 10.2 | Jaguar | 2002 |
| Mac OS X 10.3 | Panther | 2003 |
| Mac OS X 10.4 | Tiger | 2005 |
| Mac OS X 10.5 | Leopard | 2007 |
| Mac OS X 10.6 | Snow Leopard | 2009 |
| Mac OS X 10.7 | Lion | 2011 |
| OS X 10.8 | Mountain Lion | 2012 |
| OS X 10.9 | Mavericks | 2013 |
| OS X 10.10 | Yosemite | 2014 |
| OS X 10.11 | El Capitan | 2015 |
| macOS 10.12 | Sierra | 2016 |
macOS High Sierra (macOS 10.13) Released September 25, 2017. Website Wikipedia
macroinstruction (macro) Combines a sequence of instructions into a single statement making them easily repeatable. Wikipedia
MafiaBoy Launched a series of DoS attacks. Wikipedia
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) (check scanners)
Mail Delivery Agent (MDA) Accepts mail form the MTA and preforms the actual delivery. Wikipedia
Mail Exchange (MX) DNS record. Wikipedia
Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) Used to forward email Wikipedia
Mail User Agent (MUA) An email client. Wikipedia
main memory Typically RAM in modern computers. Wikipedia
malicious software (malware) Unwanted code with malicious intent. Wikipedia
Malwarebytes Security software company based in San Jose, California. Founded in 2008. Wikipedia Website
Management Information Base (MIB) SNMP component that defines the structure of SNMP management objects. The structure of these management objects is defined by a managed device's MIB. Interfaces and their details, such as errors, utilization, discards, packet drops, resets, speed and duplex, system memory, utilization of bandwidth, storage, CPU, and memory, are able to be monitored and reported via SNMP. YouTube (SolarWinds)
management ports Ports used for managing a network device.
| Console |
| Telnet |
| SSH |
| AUX port |
Manjaro Linux distribution based on Arch. First released July 10, 2011 Website Wikipeida
Mark Surman Executive director of the Mozilla Foundation. Website Wikipedia
Markdown Wikipedia
Marking QoS mechanism that alters bits within a frame, cell, or packet to indicate how the network should treat that traffic.
Markup Wikipedia
masking Replaces sensitive information with nonsensitive information. After replacement, the nonsensitive version looks and acts like the original.
Master Boot Record (MBR) Type of boot sector found Website Wikipedia
Master File Table (MFT) Part of NTFS. All metadata is stored in the MFT. MSDN Wikipedia
Mathew Brady Opened his own photogrophy studio in New York in 1844. May 18, 1822 - January 15, 1896 Wikipedia
Matroska Multimedia Container Free, open source, and open standard Wikipedia Website
Matroska Video Stream (MKV) Other file extensions: .mkv .mk3d .mka .mks Wikipedia Website File.org
Mavericks (OS X 10.9) Wikipedia
maximum password age Requires a user to change their password after a certain amount of time.
Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) The maximum size of the PDU each medium can transport.
maximum-paths Paths that should be maintained for load balancing.
maxwell One magetic line of force.
McAfee Security software company based in Santa Clara, California. Founded in 1987. Bought by Intel in 2010 for $7.68 billion. Wikipedia
McAfee Endpoint Website
McAfee ePolicy Orchestrator (McAfee ePO) Uninstall: %PROGRAMFILES(X86)%\McAfee\Common Framework\frminst /forceuninstall Website McAfee Community
Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) Wikipedia
Media Access Control (MAC) Sublayer of OSI Layer 2. Wikipedia
Media Access Control address (MAC address) (aka: burned-in address, Ethernet hardware address (EHA), hardware address or physical address (not to be confused with a memory physical address)) Unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for communications at the data link layer of a network segment. Wikipedia
Medianet Cisco borderless service. Helps deploy and manage media applications. Metadata YouTube Cisco
medium Storage or transmission channels or tools used to store and deliver information or data.
megabyte (MB) 1 million bytes.
Melissa Mass-mailing macro virus. Not considered as a worm as it was not a standalone program. Released by David L. Smith sometime around March 26, 1999. Wikipedia
Meltdown Vulnerability in Intel and ARM processors. Reported January 3, 2018. Website Wikipedia ZDNet The Verge (Processor flaw exposes 20 years of devices to new attack) The Verge (How to protect your PC against the major 'Meltdown' CPU security flaw)
memory Stores data temporarily or long-term. Wikipedia
memory address Identifies locations in memory with a physical address. Used by a device such as a CPU. Wikipedia
memory module Physical form factor of a memory stick. Two common types are Dual In-line Memory Module (DIMM) and Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module (SO-DIMM).
Meraki Founded in 2006. Acquired by Cisco December 2012. Website Wikipedia
Message Authentication Code (MAC) Wikipedia
message digest (hashing algorithm)
| MD2 | |
| MD4 | Basis for MD5 and SHA-1. |
| MD5 | Algorithm used by IPsec, EIGRP, RIPv2, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS, and BGP for authentication. Uses a 128-bit shared secret key. |
| MD6 |
Message of the Day (MOTD) Banner displayed as part of the shell prompt when logging into a system. Stored in /etc/motd on Linux.
Message-Digest Algorithm 4 (MD4) Cryptographic hash function. Developed by Ronald Rivest in 1990. First full collision attack against MD4 was published in 1995. Wikipedia
Message-Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5) Widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. Used as a checksum to verify data integrity, but only against unintentional corruption. Initially designed as a cryptographic hash function but its security has been compromised due to extensive vulnerabilities. Designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to MD4. Published in RFC 1321 April 1992. Wikipedia
Metadata Data that describes other data. Wikipedia
Metadata Anonymisation Toolkit (MAT) Toolbox composed of a GUI application, a CLI application and a library, to anonymize/remove metadata. Website Wikipedia
metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) Type of transistor. Wikipedia
method Processes that can be used by an object. Wikipedia
metric Quantitative value used to measure the distance to a given network in a routing table. Lower values indicate preferred routes. Wikipedia
Metro Ethernet (aka: metropolitan-area Ethernet, Ethernet MAN) MAN based on Ethernet. Packet-switched WAN. Wikipedia
Michael Dell Founder and CEO of Dell. Born February 23, 1965. Website Wikipedia
Michael Widenius Co-founder of MySQL Wikipedia
Micro Channel architecture (MCA) Wikipedia
Micro Dual In-line Memory Module (Micro-DIMM) (55mm x 30mm) DDR – 172 pins, DDR2 and DDR3 – 214 pins. Wikipedia
microcontroller A tiny computer. Wikipedia
microkernel Wikipedia
Microsoft Tech company based in Redmond Washington. Founded April 4, 1975. Website Wikipedia
Microsoft Access Type of DBMS Wikipedia Website
Microsoft Azure Cloud solution from Microsoft. Initially released February 1, 2010. Website Wikipedia
Microsoft Build 2018 May 7-9. Website
Microsoft Build 2019 May 6-8 in Seattle, WA at the Washington State Convention Center. Website
Microsoft Build 2020 First all-digital conference from Microsoft. May 19–21, 2020. Website
Microsoft Certified Solutions Expert (MCSE) Website
Microsoft Design Language (MDL)
Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN)
Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) Released in August 1981. Wikipedia
Microsoft Enterprise Mobility Suite (EMS)
Microsoft Forefront Unified Access Gateway (UAG) Provides secure remote access to corporate networks for remote employees and business partners. Wikipedia Microsoft TechNet
Microsoft Foundations Class Library (MFC) Wikipedia
Microsoft Lumia 640 Released March 2, 2015.
Microsoft Lumia 950 Smartphone made by Microsoft. Released November 20, 2015. Wikipedia
Microsoft Office First announced August 1, 1988. Released August 1, 1989 for Mac OS and November 19, 1990 for Windows. Wikipedia
Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS) Website
Move-VMStorage PowerShell cmdlet used to move a virtual machine TechNet
MSI X370 GAMING PRO CARBON (AM4 AMD X370 SATA 6Gb/s HDMI ATX) Motherboard from MSI. Released March 8, 2017. Website Newegg
Multi-Function Device (MFD) (aka: All-In-One (AIO), multi-function product/printer/peripheral (MFP)) Incorporates several machines, or parts of a machine, into one. Typically used to refer to printer-like devices (scanners, copiers…). Can be used to refer to an all-in-one computer such as the iMac. Wikipedia
Microsoft Deployment Toolkit (MDT) The Microsoft Deployment Toolkit (MDT) provides a unified collection of tools, processes, and guidance for automating desktop and server deployments. In addition to reducing deployment time and standardizing desktop and server images, MDT offers improved security and ongoing configuration management. TechNet
Microsoft Fluent Design System (aka: Neon) New interface for Windows 10. Announced May 11, 2017 Website
Microsoft Ignite 2017 Orlando, FL. September 25, 2017 September 29, 2017. Website
Microsoft Ignite 2018 September 24, 2018 - September 28, 2018. Website
Microsoft Inspire July 15, 2018 - July 19, 2018. Website
Microsoft Official Academic Course (MOAC) Website Wiley
Microsoft SQL Server A RDBMS from Microsoft Wikipedia Website
Microsoft Surface The tablet that can replace your laptop.
| Surface | October 26, 2012 |
| Surface Pro | February 9, 2013 |
| Surface 2 | October 22, 2013 |
| Surface Pro 2 | |
| Surface Pro 3 | June 20, 2014 |
| Surface 3 | May 5, 2015 |
| Surface Pro 4 | October 26, 2015 |
| Surface Book |
Microsoft Virtual Academy (MVA) Free Microsoft Training Delivered by Experts. Website Twitter Facebook
Microsoft Windows OS developed by Microsoft.
| OS Version | Release Date | |
| MS-DOS | 1981 | |
| Windows 1.01 | 1985 | |
| Windows 2.0 | 1987 | |
| Windows 2.10 | ||
| Windows 2.11 | ||
| Windows 3.0 | ||
| Windows 3.1 | ||
| Windows NT 3.1 | ||
| Windows 3.2 | ||
| Windows NT 3.5 | 1994 | |
| Windows NT 3.51 | 1995 | |
| Windows 95 | 1995 | |
| Windows NT 4.0 | 1996 | |
| Windows CE | ||
| Windows 98 | ||
| Windows 2000 | 2000 | |
| Windows Pocket PC | ||
| Windows ME | ||
| Windows XP | 2001 | |
| Windows Server 2003 | ||
| Windows Mobile | ||
| Windows Vista | 2006 | |
| Windows Home Server | ||
| Windows Server 2008 | ||
| Windows 7 | 2009 | |
| Windows Phone 7 | ||
| Windows 2012 | ||
| Windows 8 | 2012 | |
| Windows RT | ||
| Windows Phone 8 | ||
| Windows 8.1 | 2013 | |
| Windows Phone 8.1 | ||
| Windows 10 Technical Preview | 2014 | |
| Windows 10 | 2015 |
Minecraft Released November 18, 2011. Wikipeddia
Mini-DIN connector Wikipedia
Minicom Terminal emulator for Unix-like operating systems. Wikipedia
Minicomputer Small computer developed in the mid-1960s. Wikipedia
Minimal Server Interface TechNet blog
minimum password age User must wait a certain amount of time before they are allowed to change passwords.
minimum trust Access should not be granted unnecessarily or unconditionally. Netacad
Mint A Linux distribution. Wikipedia
MINUS Relational set operator. SQL command that combines rows from two queries and returns only the rows that appear in the first set but not in the second.
mirroring Multiple drives have the same information across them for redundancy. Wikipedia
mkdir Command that creates a directory. Wikipedia
MKS system of units Wikipedia
Mobile World Congress (MWC) Website
Mobile World Congress 2018 (MWC 2018) February 26, 2018 - March 1, 2018. Website
MODE Configures a system device.
Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) Announced in 2005 Wikipedia
modem Translates digital signals to analog. Wikipedia
Modern Language Association (MLA) paper style Wikipedia
modulo Returns the remainder. Wikipedia
modulus % (aka: absolute value) Returns the remainder in most programming languages. Wikipedia (Modulo operation) Wikipedia (Absolute value)
Mono "A software platform designed to allow developers to easily create cross platform applications." Website Wikipedia
monoalphabetic substitution cipher (Caesar cipher) Wikipedia
monolithic kernel Type of kernel used by Linux. Wikipedia
Moore's law The observation that the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years. Named after Gordon Moore. Published on April 19, 1965 stating a one year rate of change. Revised the rate in 1975 to approximately every two years. Wikipedia
MORE Displays output one screen at a time. Can be used to open files in the command line. Wikipedia
Morto Worm allowing unauthorized access. First detected on August 27, 2011 Microsoft
motherboard (aka: logic board, Wikipedia
Motion Cisco borderless service. Unifies the network. Secures mobile devices. Works across any kind of network. YouTube Cisco
Moto 360 Smartwatch made by Motorola that runs Android Wear. First generation released September 5, 2014. Website Wikipedia
Motorola Wikipedia
Mountain Lion (OS X 10.8) Wikipedia
mountvol Creates, deletes, or lists a volume mount point. Mountvol is a way to link volumes without requiring a drive letter. TechNet
MOVE Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory in DOS. Use mv in UNIX-based operating systems.
syntax: move [file name to move] [destination]
Move-VM PowerShell cmdlet used to move a virtual machine to a new Hyper-V host. TechNet
Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) Wikipedia
Mozilla Festival (MozFest) The world's leading festival for the open internet movement. Website
MPEG 4 Audio (M4A) MP4 for audio only. Generally used with AAC and Apple Lossless formats. Wikipedia
MPEG-4 Part 14 (MP4) File format used for audio and video. Wikipedia
Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) (aka: multimode fiber) Most often used in horizontal cabling. Can transmit up to 10Gbps for up to 550 meters (1,804 feet) or just over one-third of a mile. Wikipedia
multicast (one to many) Sending a packet from one host to a selected group of hosts, possibly in different networks. Saves bandwidth by only sending one copy of the traffic. IPv4 addresses 224.0.0.0-239.255.255.255 are used for multicast addresses.
| 224.0.0.0-224.0.0.255 | reserved for link-local |
| 224.0.1.0-238.255.255.255 | reserved for globally scoped addresses |
multicast Domain Name System (mDNS) resolves hostnames in networks without a local name server. Wikipedia
multiple frame transmission Multiple copies of unicast frames are sent to the destination.
Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) Achieves higher throughput by using multiple antennas to transmit and receive. Found in IEEE 802.11n and above. Wikipedia
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)
multiplexing Process where hosts can support multiple simultaneous sessions over a single link. Wikipedia
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) A packet-switched WAN. Can be used to deliver any type of packet over a WAN. Elements include; Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), Customer Edge (CE), Edge Label Switch Router (ELSR), Provider Edge (PE), Label, Switch Router (LSR), and Provider (P) routers. Header is 32 bit long, which contains the label. Wikipedia YouTube
Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) Wikipedia
mutual induction When a coil induces voltage into another coil.
mv UNIX command that moves files. Use move on Windows-based systems.
syntax: mv (file name to move) (destination) |
MySQL A popular RDBMS. First released May 23, 1995. Website Wikipedia YouTube (Derek Banas)
MySQL Improved (MySQLi) Connects to a MySQL database using PHP. Wikipedia
MySQL server A database server. Wikipedia
mysqli_fetch_array Function that fetches an array. Syntax: mysqli_fetch_array(result,resulttype); PHP Manual W3Schools