timeline
on this day
Apache HTTP server.
| ServerRoot: | |
|---|---|
/usr/local/apache2 | |
/etc/apache2 | Debian |
/etc/httpd | |
"C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2" | Windows |
Blue Gene Supercomputer from IBM. Announced December 1999. Wikipedia
Cisco Networking company based in San Jose, California. Founded in December of 1984. Name derived from San Francisco where Cisco first started. Wikipedia
Java Web Toolkit (JWT) Web app framework for Java developed by Emweb. First released December 2005. Website Wikipedia
this week
2020-11-29 - 2020-12-05future
DEF CON 30 Aug. 11-14, 2022 Website
DEF CON 29 Aug. 5-8, 2021 Website
DEF CON China 2 On Hold - Dates TBD. 751D Park in Beijing, China. Website
current year
Black Hat Asia 2020 The information security community comes together for esteemed Trainings taught by industry experts, innovative research presentations at Briefings, the latest open-source tool demos in Arsenal, and the Business Hall featuring top-tier solutions and service providers. Black Hat returns to Marina Bay Sands in Singapore, September 29 - October 2, 2020. Website
DEF CON 28 SAFE MODE August 6-9, 2020 online. Website
Black Hat USA 2020 Now in its 23rd year, Black Hat USA is the world's leading information security event, providing attendees with the very latest security research, development and trends. Black Hat USA 2020 will be entirely virtual this year, held over the same dates, August 1-6. August 1-6, 2020. Website
WWDC 2020 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference June 22-26 all online. Website Wikipedia Apple Newsroom
Microsoft Build 2020 First all-digital conference from Microsoft. May 19–21, 2020. Website
CES 2020 January 7-10, 2020 Website Wikipedia
5G 5th generation cellular network. Expected to become a standard in the early 2020s Wikipedia
2019
Global AppSec San Francisco 2020 October 19-23, 2020 Website
VMworld 2019 August 25-29 in San Francisco. Website
DEF CON 27 August 8-11, 2019 at Paris, Ballys, & Planet Hollywood, Las Vegas. Website
Black Hat USA 2019 August 3-8, 2019. Website
E3 2019 June 11-13 in Las Angeles. Website Wikipedia
Cisco Live San Diego 2019 June 9-13, 2019. Website
WWDC 2019 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference June 3-7 in San Jose, CA. Website Wikipedia
PCI Express 5.0 PCI-SIG officially announced the release of the final PCI-Express 5.0 specification May 29, 2019 Wikipedia
Google I/O 2019 May 7 - May 9 at the Shoreline Amphitheatre in Mountain View, CA. Website Wikipedia
Microsoft Build 2019 May 6-8 in Seattle, WA at the Washington State Convention Center. Website
F8 2019 April 30 - May 1 Website
Avengers: Endgame Released April 26, 2019. IMDB
Apple Special Event "It's show time." Held at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park campus March 25, 2019. Wikipedia
RSA Congerence USA 2019 March 4-8, 2019 at Moscone Center in San Francisco. Website
CES 2019 January 8-11, 2019. Website Wikipedia
2018
Aquaman To be released December 21, 2018. IMDB
Venom To be released October 5, 2018. IMDB
Microsoft Ignite 2018 September 24, 2018 - September 28, 2018. Website
Apple Special Event "Gather round" September 12, 2018. Wikipedia
VMworld 2018 August 26-30 in Las Vegas. Website
gamescom 2018 August 21-25 at the Koelnmesse in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti Announced at Gamescon 2018 in Germany August 20, 2018. Released September 20, 2018. Website Wikipedia The Verge
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Announced at Gamescon 2018 in Germany August 20, 2018. Released September 20, 2018. Website Wikipedia The Verge
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Announced at Gamescon 2018 in Germany August 20, 2018. Released September 20, 2018. Website Wikipedia The Verge
SIGGRAPH 2018 August 12-16 in Vancouver. Website
DEF CON 26 Caesar's Palace & Flamingo, Las Vegas August 9-12, 2018. Website Wikipedia
Quakecon 2018 Takes place at the Gaylord Texan in Grapevine Texas August 9-12. Website Wikipedia
Black Hat USA 2018 August 4-9, 2018 at Mandalay Bay in Las Vegas. Website
Mission Impossible - Fallout Released July 27, 2018. IMDB
Google Cloud Next '18 July 24 - July 26 at the Moscone Center in San Francisco. Website
Microsoft Inspire July 15, 2018 - July 19, 2018. Website
Ant-Man and the Wasp Released July 6, 2018. IMDB
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom To be released June 22, 2018 IMDB
E3 2018 June 12-14 in Las Angeles. Website Wikipedia
DockerCon 2018 June 12-24 in San Francisco, California. Website
Cisco Live US 2018 June 10-14 in Orlando, FL. Website
Computex 2018 June 5 - June 9 Website Wikipedia
WWDC 2018 June 4-8 in San Jose, CA. Website Wikipedia
Global Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Regulation in the European Union (EU) to strengthen and unify data protection. Adopted April 27, 2016. Enforceable May 25, 2018. Wikipedia
Solo: A Star Wars Story Released May 25, 2018. IMDB
VPNFilter Malware designed to infect routers. The FBI believes that it was created by the Russian Fancy Bear group. Estimated to have infected approximately 500,000 routers worldwide as of May 24, 2018. Wikipedia Ars Technica
Deadpool 2 To be released May 18. IMDB
Google I/O 2018 May 8 - May 10 at the Shoreline Amphitheatre in Mountain View, CA. Website Wikipedia
Microsoft Build 2018 May 7-9. Website
Avengers: Infinity War Released April 27, 2018. IMDB
RSA Conference 2018 April 16 - April 20. Website
driverless cars Approved by the California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) February 26, 2018. Regulations in effect as of April 2, 2018. Ars Technica DMV
Ready Player One Released March 30, 2018. IMDB Wikipedia
iOS 11.3 Released March 29, 2018.
Firefox 59 Released March 13, 2018. Wikipedia
Firefox 60 Released alongside Firefox 60 ESR May 9, 2018. Wikipedia
Mobile World Congress 2018 (MWC 2018) February 26, 2018 - March 1, 2018. Website
Nokia 8110 4G Announced February 25, 2018 at Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2018. Wikipedia
Nokia 8 Sirocco An update to the Nokia 8 smartphone. Announced February 25, 2018 at Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2018. Website Wikipedia
Samsung Galaxy S9 Smartphone from Samsung. Announced February 25, 2018 at Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2018. Website Wikipedia
Sony Xperia XZ2 Smartphone from Sony. Announced February 25, 2018 at Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2018. Website
Black Panther Released February 16, 2018. IMDB
Laravel 5.6.0 Released February 7, 2018. Laravel News Wikipedia
PHP 7.2.2 Released January 31, 2018. PHP News Archive Wikipedia
Firefox 58 Released January 23, 2018. Wikipedia
Firefox 61 Released January 23, 2018. Wikipedia
Java SE 8 Update 161 Released January 16, 2018. Website Wikipedia
CES 2018 January 8, 2018 - January 11, 2018. Website Wikipedia Circuit Breacker Live Stream
Meltdown Vulnrability in Intel and ARM processors. Reported January 3, 2018. Website Wikipedia ZDNet The Verge (Processor flaw exposes 20 years of devices to new attack) The Verge (How to protect your PC against the major 'Meltdown' CPU security flaw)
Spectre Breaks the isolation between different applications allowing an attacker to trick error-free programs. Reported January 3, 2018. Website Project Zero Blog ZDNet The Verge (Processor flaw exposes 20 years of devices to new attack)
Wi-Fi Protected Access III (WPA3) Uses 192-bit encryption and individualized encryption for each user. Announced as a replacement to WPA2 by the Wi-Fi Alliance January 2018. Wikipedia
2017
PCI Express 4.0 Officially announced June 8, 2017. First devices expected to be released by the end of 2017. Wikipedia
Firefox 57.0.3 Released December 28, 2017. Wikipedia
The Shape of Water Released December 22, 2017. IMDB
Amazon Echo Spot Smart alarm clock from Amazon. Announced September 27, 2017. Released December 19, 2017. Website Wikipedia The Verge
iMac Pro
| Display: |
|
| CPU: | 8-Core, 10-Core, or 18-Core |
| RAM: | 32GB, 64GB, or 128GB |
| SSD | 1TB, 2TB, or 4TB |
| GPU: | Radeon Pro Vega 56 or Radeon Pro Vega 64 |
| MSRP: | $5,000 |
Firefox 57.0.2 Released December 7, 2017. Wikipedia
Firefox 57.0.1 Released November 29, 2017. Wikipedia
OnePlus 5T (OP5T) Smartphone from OnePlus. First released November 21, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 57 (Firefox Quantum) Released on November 14, 2017. Wikipedia
Xbox One X (Project Scorpio) Released November 7, 2017. Website Wikipedia
iPhone X Smartphone from Apple.
| Display: |
|
| CPU: | A11 Bionic chip |
| Memory: | 3 GB RAM |
| Storage: | 64 GB or 256 GB |
| Camera: |
|
| MSRP: | $999 |
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070 Ti Pascal architecture GPU from NVIDIA with 8 GBs of memory. Released November 2, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Amazon Echo Plus Smart speaker from Amazon. Announced September 27, 2017. Released October 31, 2017. Website Wikipedia The Verge
Amazon Echo (2017) Smart speaker from Amazon Announced September 27, 2017. Released October 31, 2017. Website Wikipedia The Verge
Firefox 56.0.2 Released October 26, 2017. Wikipedia
Fall Creators Update (Version 1709) Released October 17, 2017. Windows Blogs Wikipedia
Surface Book 2 Laptop from Microsoft. Announced October 17, 2017. Available for pre-order beginning November 9, 2017. Shipping November 16, 2017. Website Wikipedia Windows Blogs
Key Reinstallation AttaACK (KRACK) Website Wikipedia
Firefox 56.0.1 Released October 9, 2017. Wikipedia
Google Pixel 2 Smartphone from Google. Announced October 4, 2017. Website Wikipedia
GoPro Hero 6 Released September 28, 2017. Website Wikipedia The Verge
Firefox 56 Released September 28, 2017. Wikipedia
iOS 11.0.1 Released September 26, 2017. Apple Support 9to5Mac
Microsoft Ignite 2017 Orlando, FL. September 25, 2017 September 29, 2017. Website
macOS High Sierra (macOS 10.13) Released September 25, 2017. Website Wikipedia
iPhone 8 Smartphone from Apple. Announced September 12, 2017 at an Apple Special Event. Pre-order September 15, 2017. Available September 22, 2017. Website Wikipedia MacRumors
USB 3.2 Specification for USB. Maximum transfer speed of 2GBps (gigabytes per second). Doubles the speed of existing USB Type-C cables. Published September 22, 2017. USB-IF Tom's Hardware Ars Technica
iOS 11 Released September 19, 2017. Website Wikipedia
watchOS 4 Released September 19, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Samsung Galaxy Note 8 Smartphone from Samsung.
| Display: |
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| CPU: |
|
| Memory: | 6 GB LPDDR4X RAM |
| Storage: |
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| Camera: |
|
| MSRP: | $929.99 |
Project Honolulu Web-based server management GUI. Announced September 14, 2017. Ars Technica
Apple Special Event "Let's meet at our place." First event to be held at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park Campus. September 12, 2017. Wikipedia
AMD Ryzen Threadripper 1900X Zen CPU from AMD. Released August 31, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Laravel 5.5.0 Released August 30, 2017. Laravel News Wikipedia
Essential Phone (officially (aka: Phone, PH-1) Announced May 30, 2017. Releasead August 25, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Android Oreo (Android O) First preview available March 23, 2017. Officially available in beta May 17, 2017. Name unveiled August 21, 2017. Released August 21, 2017. Website Wikipedia Ars Technica
ZenFone 4
| Display: |
|
| CPU: |
|
| Memory: | 4 GB/6 GB LPDDR3 RAM |
| Storage: |
|
| Camera: |
|
| Battery: | 3300mAh |
| Dimensions: | H: 155.36 mm W: 75.24 mm D: 7.49 mm |
| Weight: | 165 g |
| Ports: |
|
| MSRP: | $399 |
ZenFone 4 Pro
| Display: |
|
| CPU: | Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 |
| GPU: | Adreno 530 |
| Memory: | 6 GB LPDDR3 RAM |
| Storage: |
|
| Camera: |
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| Battery: | 3600 mAh |
| Dimensions: | H: 156.9 mm W: 75.6 mm D: 7.6 mm |
| Weight: | 175 g |
| Ports: |
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| MSRP: | $599 |
Nokia 8 Smartphone from Nokia. Announced August 16, 2017. Released September 2017. Website Wikipedia
AMD Ryzen Threadripper 1950X Zen CPU from AMD. 16 core, 32 thread, 3.4GHz base clock, 4.0GHz boost clock, $999 MSRP. Released August 10, 2017. Website Wikipedia Ars Technica
AMD Ryzen Threadripper 1920X Zen CPU from AMD. 12 core, 24 thread, 3.5GHz base clock, 4.0GHz boost clock, $799 MSRP. Released August 10, 2017. Website Wikipedia Ars Technica
Firefox 55.0.1 Released August 10, 2017. Wikipedia
Firefox 55 Released August 8, 2017. Wikipedia
SIGGRAPH 2017 July 30, 2017 - August 3, 2017 at the Los Angeles Convention Center. Event Website Main Website Wikipedia
AMD Ryzen 3 1300X Zen architecture CPU from AMD in the Ryzen family. Released July 27, 2017. Website Wikipedia Press Release
AMD Ryzen 3 1200 Zen architecture CPU from AMD in the Ryzen family. Released July 27, 2017. Website Wikipedia Press Release
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) An IPv6 address is 128 bits long over IPv4's 32 bits. Every 4 bits is represented by a single hexadecimal digit; for a total of 32 hexadecimal values. Not case sensitive. Network portion identified by a prefix (/64). Can range from /0 to /128. Has three address types: Unicast, Multicast, and Anycast. Three address scopes: global, unique-local, and link-local. Draft standard in RFC 2460 December 1998. Standardized in RFC 8200 July 14, 2017. Wikipedia RFC 2460 RFC 8200 Internet Society
Windows Server Insider Preview Build 16237 First Windows Server Insider Preview build available to Windows Insiders. Released July 13, 2017. Windows Blogs
Vega GPU family from AMD. Announced at CES 2017 January 5, 2017. First GPU released as the Radeon Vega Frontier Edition July 1, 2017. Website Wikipedia Press Release
AMD Radeon Vega Frontier Edition First graphics card in the Vega architecture family from AMD. Announced May 16, 2017. Available for pre-order June 27, 2017. Released July 1, 2017. Website Wikipedia Tom's Hardware Newegg
Firefox 54.0.1 Released June 29, 2017. Wikipedia
AMD Ryzen Threadripper Line of microprocessors in the Ryzen family. To be released summer 2017. Website Wikipedia
Alienware Area 51 (2017) Computer from Dell. First OEM to use AMD Threadripper. Announced at E3 2017 June 12, 2017. Available for pre-order June 27, 2017. Website Wikipedia PC World
Petya (aka: NotPetya, GoldenEye) Malware. Seen as early as March 2016. Major attack targeting Ukraine occurred June 27, 2017. Wikipedia
AMD EPYC Family of server chips from AMD based on the Zen microarchitecture. Announced May 16, 2017. Released June 20, 2017. Website Wikipedia
E3 2017 June 13, 2017 - June 15, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 54 Released June 13, 2017. Wikipedia
WWDC 2017 June 5-9 at the McEnery Convention Center in San Jose. Website Wikipedia
Computex 2017 May 30 - June 3 Website Wikipedia
Intel Core i9 Family of microprocessors from Intel. Announced at Computex 2017 May 30, 2017. Website Wikipedia The Verge
Intel Core i9-7980XE CPU from Intel. Announced at Computex 2017 May 30, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 53.0.3 Released May 19, 2017. Wikipedia
AMD Radeon RX 560 GPU from AMD. Released May 18, 2017. Website OC3D.net
Google I/O 2017 May 17 - May 19 at the Shoreline Amphitheatre in Mountain View, California. Website
NVIDIA GeForce GT 1030 Pascal architecture GPU from NVIDIA. Released May 17, 2017 Website Wikipedia
WannaCry (aka: WannaCrypt) Ransomware worm that originated from leaked National Security Agency (NSA) tools. Attacked unpatched Windows computers in over 150 countries including computers in the National Health Service (NHS) on May 12, 2017. NHS Digital PC World New York Times Wikipedia
CORSAIR DOMINATOR PLATINUM Special Edition Torque Released May 11, 2017. Website
Microsoft Fluent Design System (aka: Neon) New interface for Windows 10. Announced May 11, 2017 Website
NVIDIA Tesla V100 First Volta GPU from NVIDIA. Announced May 10, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol.2 Released May 5, 2017. IMDB Wikipedia
Firefox 53.0.2 Released May 5, 2017. Wikipedia
Firefox 53.0.1 Released April 27, 2017. Wikipedia
EVGA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti SC2 GAMING Released April 24, 2017. Newegg
EVGA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti SC Black Edition GAMING Released April 24, 2017. Newegg
AMD Radeon Pro Duo (2017) Professional GPU from AMD. Announced April 24, 2017. Website Wikipedia Press Release
Samsung Galaxy S8 Smartphone from Samsung Announced March 29, 2017. Released April 21, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 53 Released April 19, 2017. Wikipedia
AMD Radeon RX 580 GPU from AMD. Released April 18, 2017 Website Wikipedia
Apple Park (aka: Apple Campus 2, Apple Spaceship Campus) Opening to employees in April 2017. Wikipedia Apple Press Release
Creators Update (aka: Redstone 2 (RS2)) Codename for the third major update build of Windows 10. Early download available April 5, 2017. Released April 11, 2017. Wikipedia
AMD Ryzen 5 1600X (6 cores, 12 threads, 3.6 GHz, 4.0 GHz boost, 95w TDP, 16 MB L3 cache) CPU from AMD. Released April 11, 2017. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA Titan Xp GPU from NVIDIA. Released April 6, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 52.0.2 Released alongside Firefox 52.0.2 ESR March 28, 2017. Wikipedia
Apple File System (APFS) File system from Apple to replace HFS and HFS+. Quietly announced at WWDC June 13, 2016. Introduced to iOS devices in iOS 10.3 March 27, 2017. Wikipedia
3D XPoint Announced by Intel and Micron in July 2015. First released in the Intel DC P4800X March 19, 2017 Wikipedia
Firefox 52.0.1 Released alongside Firefox 52.0.1 ESR March 17, 2017. Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti GPU from NVIDIA. Announced March 1, 2017. Released March 10, 2017. Website Wikipedia Overclock3D
ASUS ROG Crosshair VI Hero (AM4 AMD X370 SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.1 USB 3.0 ATX) Motherboard from ASUS. Released March 9, 2017. Newegg
GIGABYTE GA-AB350-Gaming (rev. 1.0) (AM4 AMD B350 SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.1 HDMI ATX) Motherboard from GIGABYTE. Released March 8, 2017. Website Newegg
MSI X370 GAMING PRO CARBON (AM4 AMD X370 SATA 6Gb/s HDMI ATX) Motherboard from MSI. Released March 8, 2017. Website Newegg
ASUS Prime X370-Pro (AM4 AMD X370 SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.1 USB 3.0 HDMI ATX) Motherboard from ASUS. Released March 7, 2017. Newegg
ASUS PRIME B350-PLUS (AM4 AMD B350 SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.1 USB 3.0 HDMI ATX) Motherboard form ASUS. Released March 7, 2017. Newegg
Firefox 52 (ESR) Released March 7, 2017. Wikipedia
Nintendo Switch Video game console from Nintendo. Released March 3, 2017. Website Wikipedia Wired
Zen Microarchitecture codename from AMD. First processors released under the Ryzen CPU March 2, 2017. Wikipedia
Ryzen (codename: Summit Ridge) CPU family from AMD. Announced February 22, 2017. First relesed March 2, 2017. Website Wikipedia
AMD Ryzen 7 1800x CPU from AMD. Released March 2, 2017. Website Wikipedia
AMD Ryzen 7 1700x CPU from AMD. Released March 2, 2017. Website Wikipedia
AMD Ryzen 7 1700 CPU from AMD. Released March 2, 2017. Website Wikipedia
LG G6 Smartphone from LG. Announced February 26, 2017. Website Wikipedia
Acer Predator 21 X 21' laptop from Acer with two NVIDIA GTX 1080s and a $8,999 price tag. To be released Feburary 2017. Website The Verge
Commercial Resupply Services Mission 10 (CRS-10) SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket carried the Dragon spacecraft to low-Earth orbit to deliver critical cargo to the International Space Station for NASA. Launched from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida February 19, 2017. Website Wikipedia
CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CSA+) Released February 15, 2017. Website
Sony Xperia XZ Premium
| Display: |
|
| CPU: | Snapdragon 835 |
| GPU: | Adreno 540 |
| Memory: | 4 GB LPDDR4X RAM |
| Storage: |
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| Camera: |
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| Battery: | 3230 mAh |
| Dimensions: | H: 156 mm (6.1 in) W: 77 mm (3.0 in) D: 7.9 mm (0.31 in) |
| Weight: | 195 g |
| Ports: | USB 3.1 Gen 1 Type-C |
| MSRP: | $599.99 |
Firefox 51.0 Released on January 24, 2017 Wikipedia
Laravel 5.4.0 Released January 24, 2017. Website Wikipedia
The Internet Health Report Open source documnet from Mozilla explaining the health of the internet with data from multiple sources. Announced January 19, 2017. Website Mizilla Blog
Project Valerie Triple monitor laptop from Razor. Announced at CES on January 5, 2017 Website PCMag
Intel Core i7 7700K Kaby Lake CPU from Intel. 4 Cores, 8 Threads, 8M Cache, up to 4.50 GHz, 91W TDP Released January 3, 2017. Intel ARK Wikipedia
IBM Db2 DB2(tm) and Db2(tm) refer to database-server products developed by IBM. These products all support the relational model, but in recent years, some products have been extended to support object-relational features and non-relational structures like JSON and XML. Successor to the 1980s-introducded DB2. Announced in 2017. Website Wikipedia
2016
Rogue One: A Star Wars Story Released December 16, 2016. IMDB
Super Mario Run Mobile game made by Nintendo. Released December 15 2016. Wikipedia
AirPods Wireless headphones made by Apple. Released December 13, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 50 Released November 15, 2016 Wikipedia
Ashes of the Singularity: Escalation Expansion to the original game; Ashes of the Singularity. Released November 10, 2016. Merged into the base game February 16, 2017. Website Wikipedia Steam
Xiaomi Mi Mix Smartphone from Xiaomi. Released November 4, 2016. Website Wikipedia CNET
AMD Radeon Pro WX 7100 Professional GPU from AMD. Released November 2016. Wikipedia
Titanfall 2 Released October 28, 2016. Wikipedia
Apple Watch Nike + Model of the Series 2 Apple Watch. Released October 28, 2016. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Pascal architecture GPU from NVIDIA. Released October 25, 2016. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050Ti Pascal architecture GPU from NVIDIA. Released October 25, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Pixel Smartphone designed by Google and manufactured by HTC. Released October 20, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Dirty Change on Write (Dirty COW) (aka: CVE-2016-5195) Linux kernel vulnerability. Linux.com Red Hat
Windows Server 2016 Network operating system from Microsoft. RTM September 26, 2016.General availability October 12, 2016. Wikipedia
Sierra (macOS 10.12) Released September 20, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 49 Released September 20, 2016. Wikipedia
iPhone 7 Smartphone made by Apple. Announced September 7, 2016. Released September 16, 2016 Website Wikipedia
Apple Watch Series 2 Smartwatch from Apple. Announced September 7, 2016. Released September 16, 2016. Website Wikipedia Press Release
Dell Technologies Parent company of Dell created after the merger of Dell Inc. and EMC Corporation. Founded September 7, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Kaby Lake Microarchitecture codename from Intel. Announced August 30, 2016. Wikipedia
Laravel 5.3.0 Released August 23, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Android Nougat (aka: Android N, Android 7.0) Seventh major version of the Android. Released August 22, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Galaxy Note 7 Smartphone from Samsung. Recalled for its potential exploding battery. Released August 19, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Duo Video chat app from Google. Announced May 18, 2016. Available for Android and iOS August 16, 2016. Website Wikipedia CNET
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 3GB Pascal architecture GPU from NVIDIA. Released August 18, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Radeon RX 460 GPU from AMD. Released August 8, 2016. Wikipedia
Radeon RX 470 GPU from AMD. Released August 4, 2016. Wikipedia
Anniversary Update (aka: Redstone) Update for Windows 10. Released August 2, 2016. Wikipedia Windows Blogs
Xbox One S Available August 2, 2016. Website
Firefox 48 Released August 2, 2016. Wikipedia
Gigafactory 1 Lithium-ion battery factory from Tesla. Open July 29, 2016. Wikipedia The Verge
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 6GB Pascal architecture GPU from NVIDIA. Released July 19, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Pokémon Go Mobile augmented-reality game for iOS and Android. Released July 6, 2016. Wikipedia
Transport Layer Security 1.3 (TLS 1.3) Working draft as of July 2016. Wikipedia
Radeon RX 480 GPU from AMD. Announced May 31, 2016. Released June 29, 2016. Website Anand Tech
Bluetooth 5 Increased signal range to 40 meters (~130 ft.) and offers playback on multiple devices. Announced June 16, 2016. First available in the Samasun Galaxy S8 April 21, 2017. Later availabe on the iPhone 8 September 22, 2017. Wikipedia YouTube (MKBHD)
OnePlus 3 Announced June 14, 2016. Website Wikipedia
E3 2016 June 14, 2016 - June 16, 2016. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070 Pascal architecture GPU from NVIDIA. Released June 10, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 47 Released June 7, 2016. Wikipedia
Intel Core i7-6950X Extreme Edition First 10-core desktop CPU from Intel. Announced May 30, 2016. Intel ARK Engadget
ZenFone 3 Smartphone made by ASUS. Announced at Computex on May 30, 2016. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 GPU from NVIDIA. Released May 27, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Allo Messaging app from Google powered by machine learning. Announced May 18, 2016. CNET
AMD Radeon Pro Duo (2016) Professional GPU from AMD. Announced May 14, 2016. Released April 26, 2016. Website Wikipedia (Radeon Pro) Wikipedia (RX 300 series) Press Release
Firefox 46 Released on April 26, 2016. Wikipedia
Ubuntu 16.04 Released April 21, 2016. Ubuntu Insights
LG G5 Smartphone from LG. Announced February 21, 2016. Released April 8, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Intel Core i7-6900K Broadwell-E CPU from Intel. 8 Cores, 16 Threads, 20M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz, 140w TDP. Released Q2, 2016. Intel ARK Wikipedia
Intel Core i7-6850K Broadwell-E CPU from Intel. 6 Cores, 12 Threads, 15M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz, 140w TDP. Released Q2, 2016. Intel ARK Wikipedia
Pascal GPU microarchitecture from NVIDIA. Named after Blaise Pascal. First introduced April 2016 with the GP100 chip. Wikipedia
iPhone SE Released March 31, 2016. Website Apple Press Info Wikipedia
Ashes of the Singularity Real-time strategy game. Released March 31, 2016. Website Wikipedia Steam
dormant cyber pathogen What Michael Ramos, the San Bernardino County district attorney, claims was on a terrorist's iPhone. Used in a hearing for the San Bernardino iPhone case on March 22, 2016. Ars Technica
CareKit Open-source framework from Apple. Released March 21, 2016. Website Wikipedia
Galaxy S7 Smartphone from Samsung. Released March 11, 2016. Wikipedia
Firefox 45 Released March 8, 2016. Wikipedia
Vulkan Graphics API from the Khronos Group. Introduced February 16, 2016 Website Wikipedia
Firefox 44 Released January 26, 2016. Wikipedia
Intel Xeon E3-1575M v5 8M Cache, 3.00 GHz. Mobile CPU from Intel. Released January 2016. Intel ARK Wikipedia
2015
Firefox 43 Released December 15, 2015. Wikipedia
CompTIA A+ 220-901 & 220-902 Released December 15, 2015. Website
PHP 7.0.0 Released December 3, 2015. PHP News Archive Wikipedia
Gear VR VR headset developed by Samsung and Oculus. Released November 27, 2015. Wikipedia
Microsoft Lumia 950 Smartphone made by Microsoft. Released November 20, 2015. Wikipedia
Threshold 2 (TH2) (aka: Cumulative Update for Windows 10 Version 1511 for x64-based Systems, November Update, (KB3118754), or Build version 10.0.10586.) First major update to Windows 10. Released November 12, 2015 Wikipedia
Steam Machine (aka: Steam Box) Game console from Valve. Released November 10, 2015. Wikipedia
OnePlus X Released October 29, 2015. Website Wikipedia
Nexus 5X Smartphone manufactured by LG. First released October 22, 2015. Website Wikipedia
Alphabet Inc. Parent company of Google. Google was recatagorized under the new company on October 2, 2015 Website Wikipedia
AMD FirePro W7170M Released October 2, 2015. Website Wikipedia
Nexus 6P Smartphone manufactured by Huawei. First released September 29, 2015. Website Wikipedia
iPhone 6S Released September 25, 2015. Wikipedia
Intel Xeon E3-1505M v5 8M Cache, 2.80 GHz. Mobile CPU from Intel. Releaseed September 2015. Intel ARK Wikipedia
Radeon R9 Nano Released August 27, 2015. Wikipedia
Galaxy S6 Edge+ Smartphone from Samsung. Released August 21, 2015. Wikipedia
Skylake Microarchitecture codename from Intel. Announced August 5, 2015. Wikipedia
Windows 10 Codename: Threshold. Version: 10.0.10240. Initially released to the public July 29, 2015. Download Wikipedia
SMB 3.1.1 Introduced with Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016. Wikipedia
Intel Optane Family of storage and memory devices from Intel using 3D XPoint. Introduced at IDF 2015 Website Intel Newsroom
Radeon R9 Fury Released July 14, 2015. Wikipedia
OnePlus 2 Released July 28, 2015. Website Wikipedia
Radeon R9 Fury X Released June 24, 2015. Wikipeddia
Amazon Echo Widely available June 23, 2015. Website Wikipedia
Radeon R9 390X Released June 18, 2015. Wikipedia
Weave Communications layer for IoT devices. Developed by Google. Announced May 28, 2015. Website Ars Technica
Facebook Instant Articles Released May 15, 2015.
HTTP version 2 (HTTP/2) Published as RFC 7540 May 14, 2015. Wikipedia RFC 7540 IETF
JSON Web Encryption (JWE) Encryption using JSON-based data structures. Published May 2015. RFC 7516
Galaxy S6 Smartphone from Samsung. Released April 10, 2015. Wikipedia
One M9 Smartphone from HTC. Released April 10, 2015. Website Wikipedia
Microsoft Lumia 640 Released March 2, 2015.
CompTIA Network+ Released February 28, 2015. Website
2014
HyperText Markup Language 5 (HTML 5) First released as a standard October 28, 2014. Wikipedia
Yosemite (OS X 10.10) Released October 16, 2014. Wikipedia
iPhone 6 Released September 19, 2014. Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 980 GPU from NVIDIA. Released September 18, 2014. Website Wikipedia
Moto 360 Smartwatch made by Motorola that runs Android Wear. First generation released September 5, 2014. Website Wikipedia
USB Type-C Reversible 24-pin connector. Standardized August 12, 2014. Wikipedia AnandTech
LGA 2011-v3 (aka: Socket R3, LGA 2011-3) CPU socket used with Intel microprocessors including Haswell-E (desktop, X99 chipset) and Haswell-EP (Xeon E5 v3) CPUs. Supports DDR4 memory. Released August 2014. Wikipedia
Action Center (Formerly: Charms bar) Offers quick acces to settings and notifications. First introduced with Windows Phone 8.1. Wikipedia
Google Cardboard VR headset made out of cardboard that uses a smartphone as the display. Released June 25, 2014. Website Wikipedia
Swift Programming language developed by Apple. Announced June 2, 2014. Wikipedia Website
CompTIA Security+ Released May 1, 2014. Website
OnePlus One Released April 23, 2014. Website Wikipedia
Windows 8.1 Version 6.3.9600. Released April 8, 2014. Wikipedia
Radeon R9 295X2 Released Apr 8, 2014. Wikipedia
Android Wear Variation of android for wearable devices. First released March 18, 2014. Wikipedia Website
Titanfall Released March 11, 2014. Wikipedia
Phil Spencer Head of Microsoft's Xbox division. Took the roll March 31, 2014. Wikipedia Time
LGA 2011-1 (aka: Socket R2) CPU socket used with Intel microprocessors including Ivy Bridge-EX (Xeon E7 v2) and Haswell-EX (Xeon E7 v3) CPUs. Successor of LGA 1567. Released February 2014. Wikipedia
SoftEther VPN (Software Ethernet) First released January 4, 2014. Website Wikipedia
Steamroller Microarchitecture from AMD
Socket FM2+ (PGA-ZIF, 906 pins, aka: FM2b) CPU socket used by AMD Steamroller microarchitecture Kaveri and Godavari APUs. Supports Socket FM2 CPUs. Released January 2014. Wikipedia
2013
AllJoyn First released December 21, 2013. Wikipedia
OnePlus Chinese smartphone manufacturer. Founded December 16, 2013. Website Wikipedia
SteamOS Initially released December 13, 2013. Wikipedia
IEEE 802.11ac Wireless standard that operates at 5GHz. Transfer speed of at least 1Gbps. Developed from 2008 to 2013. ANSI approved December 11, 2013. he first 802.11ac products from 2013 are referred to as Wave 1, and the newer higher bandwidth products introduced in 2016 are referred to as Wave 2. Wikipedia
Xbox One First released November 22, 2013. Website Wikipedia
Nokia Lumia 2520 Windows-based tablet from Nokia. Released November 21, 2013. Wikipedia
Radeon R9 290X Released Oct 24, 2013. Wikipedia
SMB 3.0.2 Allowed SMB1 to be optionally disabled for increased security. Introduced with Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2. Wikipedia
Broadwell Microarchitecture codename from Intel. Announced September 10, 2013 but dellayed formal unvailing until August 11, 2014. First released September 5, 2014. Wikipedia
Nokia Lumia 1020 Released July 26, 2013. Wikipedia iFixit
AMD FX-9590 (8-Core 4.7 GHz Socket AM3+ 220W) Released July 6, 2013. Wikipedia
USB 3.1 Gen 1 Preserves the existing SuperSpeed transfer rate under a new label USB 3.1 Gen 1, and introduces a new SuperSpeed+ transfer mode, USB 3.1 Gen 2 with the maximum data signaling rate to 10 Gbit/s (1250 MB/s, twice the rate of USB 3.0). Released in July 2013. Website Wikipedia
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) (aka: H.265 or MPEG-H Part 2) Video compression standard. Formally published by the ITU-T on June 7, 2013. Wikipedia
Cisco Catalyst 2960-X Series of network switch from Cisco. Announced June 4, 2013. Released July 2013. Website Wikipedia Cisco Blog
Haswell Microarchitecture codename from Intel. Announced June 4, 2013. Wikipedia
Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) Used to obtain the revocation status of digital certificates in public keys. Alternative to Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL) that enables clients to request and receive the electronic status of digital certificates automatically in real-time. Described in RFC 6960 June 2013. Wikipedia RFC 6960
Cisco Catalyst 2960X-24PD-L 24-port network switch from Cisco. Released May 24, 2013. Website
Cisco Catalyst 2960X-24PS-L 24-port network switch from Cisco. Released May 24, 2013. Website
Cisco Catalyst 2960X-24PSQ-L 24-port network switch from Cisco. Released May 24, 2013. Website
Cisco Catalyst 2960X-24TD-L 24-port network switch from Cisco. Released May 24, 2013. Website
Cisco Catalyst 2960X-24TS-L 24-port network switch from Cisco. Released May 24, 2013. Website
Cisco Catalyst 2960X-24TS-LL 24-port network switch from Cisco. Released May 24, 2013. Website
Cisco Catalyst 2960X-48FPD-L 24-port network switch from Cisco. Released May 24, 2013. Website
Docker Allows you to package an application with all of its dependencies into a standardized unit for software development. Website
Volta Codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by NVIDIA. Announced March 2013. Website Wikipedia
Crysis 3 First released February 19, 2013. Website Wikipedia
Vine Officially launched January 24, 2013. Wikipedia
Resilio Sync (formerly BitTorrent Sync) Proprietary peer-to-peer file synchronization tool. Anounced January 24, 2013. Renamed to Resilio Sync on June 1, 2016 when it became managed under Resilio Inc. Website Wikipedia
LGA 1150 (LGA, 1150 pins, aka: Socket H3) CPU socket used with Intel microprocessors based on Haswell and Broadwell microarchitectures. Released in 2013. Wikipedia
2012
Titan Supercomputer from Cray. Operational October 29, 2012. Wikipedia
Windows 8 Released October 26, 2012. Wikipedia
Windows RT Version of Windows for ARM processors. Released October 26, 2012. Wikipedia
Shutdown /o Go to the advanced boot options menu and restart the computer. Must be used with /r option. Introduced in Windows 8. MSDN The Windows Club
FX-6300 CPU from AMD. Released October 23, 2012 CPU World
Groove Music Website Player Wikipedia
Socket FM2 (PGA-ZIF, 904 pins) CPU socket used by AMD Trinity and Richland APUs as well as Athlon X2 and Athlon X4. Released September 27, 2012. Wikipedia
SMB 3.0 (previously named SMB 2.2) Introduced with Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012. Wikipedia
NIST SP 800 30 framework Guide for conducting risk assessments. Rev. 1 published September 2012. Website Wikipedia
Resilient File System (ReFS) Released with Windows Server 2012 August 1, 2012. Wikipedia
Galaxy S III Smartphone from Samsung. First released May 29, 2012. Wikipedia
Piledriver Microarchitecture from AMD. Released May 15, 2012. Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 690 Released April 29, 2012. Wikipedia
Ivy Bridge Microarchitecture codename from Intel. First released April 29, 2012. Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 680 Released March 22, 2012. Wikipedia
Google Apps Vault Add-on for Google Apps that lets you retain, archive, search, and export your organization's email and chat messages for your eDiscovery and compliance needs. Website Google for Wrok Blog
Radeon HD 7970 Released January 9, 2012. Wikipedia
Bower "A package manager for the web". Created in 2012. Website GitHub Twitter
Latitude E6530 Laptop from Dell. Website Support Wikipedia
2011
Minecraft Released November 18, 2011. Wikipeddia
LGA 2011 (LGA, 2011 pins, aka: Socket R, LGA 2011-0) CPU socket used with high-end Intel microprocessors. The list includes Sandy Bridge-E (desktop Core i7-38xx, -39xx) and -EP (Xeon E5) as well as Ivy Bridge-E (desktop Core i7-48xx and -49xx) and -EP processors (Xeon E5 v2). Released on 14 November 2011. Replaced LGA 1366. Wikipedia
Droid Razr First released November 11, 2011. Wikipedia
iCloud Cloud storage and synchronization from Apple. Launched October 12, 2011. Wikipedia Apple (System Status)
FX Microprocessor series from AMD. First released October 12, 2011. Wikipedia
Buldozer Microarchitecture from AMD. Released October 12, 2011. Wikipedia
ASUS Zenbook UX21E Twelve-inch ultrabook from ASUS. First released October 12, 2011. Website Wikipedia
ASUS Zenbook UX31E Thirteen-inch ultrabook from ASUS. First released October 12, 2011. Website Wikipedia
Morto Worm allowing unauthorized access. First detected on August 27, 2011 Microsoft
RTLinux Hard realtime RTOS microkernel that runs the entire Linux operating system as a fully preemptive process. Discontinued August 2011. Website Wikipedia
Lion (OS X 10.7) Released July 20, 2011. Wikipedia
SmallBasic Programming language and IDE developed by Microsoft. Announced in October 2008 and released on July 12, 2011. Wikipedia Website TechNet Microsoft Blog
Manjaro Linux distribution based on Arch. First released July 10, 2011 Website Wikipeida
Kotlin Programming language. Released July, 2011. Website Wikipedia
Socket FM1 (PGA-ZIF, 905 pins) CPU socket used by AMD Llano processors such as early A-series APUs and Athlon II. Released July 2011. Succeeded by Socket FM2. Wikipedia
Chrome OS Operating system developed by Google. Based on Linux. Uses the Chrome web browser as the user interface. First released June 15, 2011. Website Wikipedia
Laravel PHP web framework developed by Taylor Otwell. First released as a beta June 9, 2011. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 590 Released March 24, 2011. Wikipedia
Elementary OS Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. First released March 31, 2011. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 4.0 Released March 22, 2011. Wikipedia
Crysis 2 First released March 22, 2011. Website Wikipedia
Windows 7 Service Pack 1 (Version 6.1.7601) Released February 22, 2011. Wikipedia
Dynamic Memory Feature in Microsoft Hyper-V that let virtual machines use more physical memory than assigned. Introduced in Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (SP1). TechNet
Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (SP1) Released February 9, 2011 Wikipedia
Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture codename from Intel. First released January 5, 2011. Wikipedia
Chocolatey Package manager for Windows. Website
Sequoia Supercomputer from IBM Installed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in 2011. Wikipedia
K computer Supercomputer from Fujitsu. Operational June 2011. Wikipedia
LGA 1155 (LGA, 1155 pins, aka: Socket H2) CPU socket used with Intel microprocessors based on Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge microarchitectures. Released January 2011. Superseded by the LGA 1150. Wikipedia
hub Basic network connectivity device that repeats any signal it receives on one port to all other ports. Operates at OSI layer 1. Succeeded by switches. As of 2011, connecting network segments by repeaters or hubs is deprecated by IEEE 802.3. Wikipedia
active hub (deprecated) Type of hub that amplifies and cleans up the signal before broadcasting to all other ports. Deprecated by IEEE 802.3 as of 2011. Wikipedia
10BASE2 (aka: cheapernet, thin Ethernet, thinnet, and thinwire) Variant of Ethernet that uses thin coaxial cable terminated with BNC connectors and T connectors. Deprecated by IEEE 802.3 as of 2011. Wikipedia
chargeback Policy used by IT departments to allocate and/or bill the costs associated with each department's or division's usage. As of 2011, the chargeback mechanisms are often controversial in organizations. Wikipedia
2010
AirPrint Allows Apple devices running macOS or iOS to wirelessly print to a compatible printer or print server. First released November 22, 2010. Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580 Released November 9, 2010. Wikipedia
Firesheep Wikipedia codebutler
AngularJS (aka: Angular) Web framework based on JavaScript and maintained by Google. First released October 20, 2010. Wikipedia W3Schools
Knockout JavaScript web framework. First released July 5, 2010. Website Wikipedia
Unity Shell for the GNOME desktop environment from Canonical. First released June 9, 2010. Website Wikipedia
Stuxnet Worm that targets PLCs. Discovered in June 2010. Wikipedia
Kin Failed phone attempt from Microsoft. Manufactured by Sharp. First released in May 2010. Wikipedia
HAF X Computer case made by Cooler Master. Released May 2010. Website YouTube (Cooler Master)
Xiaomi Inc. Chinese electronics company. Founded April 6, 2010. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 480 Released March 26, 2010. Wikipedia
Microsoft Azure Cloud solution from Microsoft. Initially released February 1, 2010. Website Wikipedia
iPad Tablet made by Apple. First announced January 27, 2010. Wikipedia
Firefox 3.6 Released January 21, 2010. Wikipedia
Node Package Manager (npm) Package manager for Node.js. First released January 12, 2010. Website Wikipedia
Westmere (Formerly Nehalem-C) Microarchitecture codename from Intel. First releasaed January 7, 2010. Wikipedia
Microsoft Virtual Academy (MVA) Free Microsoft Training Delivered by Experts. Website Twitter Facebook
2009
IEEE 802.11n-2009 (aka: 802.11n) Wireless standard that can operate at 2.4GHz or 5GHz and is backward compatible with earlier standards. Maximum transfer rate of 600Mbps. Published October 29, 2009. Wikipedia
Windows 7 (Version 6.1.7600) Initially released October 22, 2009. Wikipedia
HomeGroup Allows Windwos users to share files across computers on a home network. Introduced with Windows 7 Website Wikipedia Netacad
DirectAccess Automatically establishes a secure bi-directional IPSec connection. Introduced with Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2. Website Wikipedia
Cisco Unified Computer System (Cisco USC) Line of scalable servers form Cisco. Announced March 2009. First installed September 1, 2009. Wikipedia Cisco Press Release
Level 10 Computer case made by Thermaltake and designed by BMW. Released August 2009. Amazon
Firefox 3.5 Released June 30, 2009. Wikipedia
Simple Network Management Protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) Authenticates and encrypts packets between management devices. Defined in RFC 5590 June 2009. Wikipedia RFC 5590
Cyanogen Mobile operating system based on Android. Cyanogen OS is what comes pre-installed on phones such as the OnePlus One. CyanogenMod is a replacement firmware that installs on top of Android. Fist released July 1, 2009. Website Twitter
Node.js Open-source, cross-platform runtime environment created by Ryan Dahl. First released release May 27, 2009. Website Wikipedia
ExpressCard 2.0 Supports PCIe 2.0 x1 or USB 3.0 at 5Gbps. Standardized March 4, 2009. Wikipedia
Socket AM3 (941 pins) CPU socket for AMD processors. Supports DDR3 memory. Compatible with AM3 and AM3+ processors including Phenom II, Athlon II, Sempron, Opteron 138x. Released February 9, 2009 as the successor to Socket AM2+. Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 295 Released January 8, 2009. Wikipedia
Psyb0t (aka: Network Bluepill) Computer worm thought to be unique in that it can infect routers and high-speed modems. Discovered in January 2009. Wikipedia
LGA 1156 (LGA, 1156 pins, aka: Socket H, H1) CPU socket used with Intel microprocessors based on Nehalem and Westmere microarchitectures. Integrates the features traditionally located on a northbridge within the processor itself. Released in 2009. Superseded by the LGA 1155 socket. Discontinued in 2012. Wikipedia
2008
USB 3.0 (aka: SuperSpeed) Up to 5Gbps transfer rate. Max cable length is 3 meters (18 meters if using the maximum of five hubs). Released November 12, 2008. Website
Nehalem Microarchitecture codename from Intel. Released November 2008. Wikipedia
LGA 1366 (LGA, 1366 pins, aka: Socket B) CPU socket used with high-end Intel microprocessors. The list includes the Core i7 (9xx series), Xeon (35xx, 36xx,55xx, 56xx series), and Celeron P1053. Released November 2008. Wikipedia
Android Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices. First released September 23, 2008. Website Wikipedia
Crysis Warhead First released September 16, 2008. Website Wikipedia
V8 (JavaScript engine) Developed by Google. First released September 2, 2008. Website Wikipedia
Chrome Web browser developed by Google. First released September 2, 2008. Website Wikipedia
Chromium Open source web browser project which is the foundation for Google Chrome.. Frist released September 2008. Website Wikipedia
HP Compaq dc5800 Small Form Factor PC Desktop computer from HP. Released Q4 2008. Website Wikipedia
Transport Layer Security 1.2 (TLS 1.2) Defined in RFC 5246 August 2008. Website Wikipedia
The Dark Knight Second film in the Christopher Nolan's The Dark Knight Trilogy. Released July 18, 2008. IMDB Wikipedia
IEEE 802.11r-2008 (aka: fast BSS transition (FT)) Published July 15, 2008. Website Wikipedia
GOG.com (Formerly Good Old Games) Founded July 10, 2008. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 280 Released June 17, 2008. Wikipedia
Firefox 3.0 Released June 17, 2008. Wikipedia
Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML) Developed June 2008 by Microsoft. Wikipedia
Certificate Revocation List (CRL) List of digital certificates that have been revoked by the issuing certificate authority (CA) before their scheduled expiration date and should no longer be trusted. Defined in RFC 5280 May 2008. Wikipedia RFC 5280
Yorkfield Codename for some Intel Core 2 Quad and Xeon processors using the Penryn microarchitecture. First released March 15, 2008. Wikipedia
Server Core Stripped-down version of Windows server managed from the command line. First released in Windows Server 2008. Wikipedia
Windows Server 2008 RTM February 4, 2008. General availability February 27, 2008. Website Wikipedia
PhysX Open-source realtime physics engine middleware SDK developed by Nvidia as a part of Nvidia GameWorks software suite. Acquired from Ageia on February 13, 2008. Website Wikipedia
2007
Crysis First released November 13, 2007. Website Wikipedia Wikipedia (Series)
ATI Radeon HD 3870 Released November 9, 2007. Wikipedia
Penryn Microarchitecture codename from Intel. First released November 2007. Wikipedia
Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Transport layer protocol similar to TCP and UDP. Standardized by IETF in RFC 4960 September 2007. RFC 4960 Wikipedia
iPhone Smartphone made by Apple. First released June 29, 2007.
| Version | Release Date |
|---|---|
| iPhone | 2007 |
| iPhone 3G | 2008 |
| iPhone 3GS | 2009 |
| iPhone 4 | 2010 |
| iPhone 4S | 2011 |
| iPhone 5 | 2012 |
| iPhone 5S | 2013 |
| iPhone 5C | |
| iPhone 6 | 2014 |
| iPhone 6 Plus | |
| iPhone 6S | 2015 |
| iPhone 6S Plus |
Wikipedia Website
Zeus Trojan horse. First identified July 2007. Wikipedia
Dropbox File hosting service. Release June 2007. Website Wikipedia
EAP Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling (EAP-FAST) Designed to address the weaknesses of LEAP while preserving the "lightweight" implementation. Defined in RFC 4851 May 2007. Wikipedia RFC 4851
Live File System Microsoft's First appeared in Windows Vista. Wikipedia Microsoft
Windows Vista (Longhorn) Released January 30, 2007. Wikipedia
BitLocker Full drive encryption built into Windows. First included with Windows Vista Ultimate and Enterprise editions. Microsoft Virtual Academy Wikipedia TechNet
SeaTools Hard drive analysis tool from Seagate. First released January 30, 2007. Website Wikipedia
SMB 2.0 (aka: SMB2) Introduced with Windows Vista in 2007. Wikipedia
Double Data Rate version three Synchronous DRAM (DDR3 SDRAM) Release in 2007. Wikipedia
2006
docx A Microsoft Word document. Wikipedia
Wii Video game console made by Nintendo. First released in North America November 19, 2006. Wikipedia
PowerShell Windows Command Prompt with a more Linux feel. Comes in blue by default. First released November 14, 2006. Website Wikipedia PowerShell.org
Zune Music player made by Microsoft. First released November 14, 2006. Wikipedia
Stop-Process Introduced with PowerShell version 1.0. TechNet
NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX GPU from NVIDIA. Released November 8, 2006. Wikipedia
Windows Defender Antivirus program built into Windows. First released October 24, 2006. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 2.0 Released October 24, 2006. Wikipedia
Khan Academy Non-profit educational organization that provides "...a free, world-class education for anyone, anywhere." Founded by Salman Khan in September of 2006. Website Wikipedia YouTube (Khan Academy)
Cisco ASA 5505 Firewall made by Cisco. Released August 31, 2006. EoL announced July 18, 2012. Website Wikipedia
G Suite (Formerly: Google Apps for Work, Google Apps for Your Domain) First released August 28, 2006. Website Wikipedia
jQuery A lightweight JavaScript library. First released August 26, 2006. Website Wikipedia
Mac Pro High-end workstation made by Apple. First released August 7, 2006. Website Wikipedia
Twttr Group SMS social network launched by Odeo. Released July 15, 2006. TechCrunch
Apple Fifth Avenue Apple Store located at 767 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10153. Opened May 19, 2006. Website Wikipedia Press Release This Day in Tech History
DisplayPort (DP) Digital display interface developed by a consortium of PC and chip manufacturers and standardized by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA). Version, 1.0 approved by VESA on May 3, 2006. Wikipedia
Transport Layer Security 1.1 (TLS 1.1) Defined in RFC 4346 April 2006. Website Wikipedia
Twitter Founded March 21, 2006. Wikipedia
Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2) (aka: 802.11i) Includes mandatory support for CCMP, an AES encryption. Replaced WPA. Required for all new devices to bear the Wi-Fi trademark starting March 13, 2006. Wikipedia
Zone-Based Firewall (ZBF) Introduced by Cisco in 2006. Cisco
Meraki Founded in 2006. Acquired by Cisco December 2012. Website Wikipedia
Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) (originally Wi-Fi Simple Config) Created by the Wi-Fi Alliance with the goal of giving users a push-button configuration to set up WPA, as well as making it easy to add new devices to an existing network without entering long passphrases. WPS PIN can be recovered by an attacker through a brute-force attack. Introduced in 2006. Major security flaw revealed in December 2011. Wikipedia
2005
Java Web Toolkit (JWT) Web app framework for Java developed by Emweb. First released December 2005. Website Wikipedia
Firefox 1.5 Dropped support for Mac OS X 10.1 and earlier. Announced as Firefox 1.1 June 23, 2005. Released as Firefox 1.5 November 30, 2005 Wikipedia
Xbox 360 First released November 22, 2005. Wikipedia
ZFS Wikipedia
Unique Local Address (ULA) These addresses should not be routable in the global IPv6. Unique local addresses are in the range of FC00::/7 to FDFF::/7. Defined in RFC 4193 October, 2005. Wikipedia RFC 4193
OpenVAS (Open Vulnerability Assessment System, originally known as GNessUs) Open Source vulnerability scanner and manager forked from Nessus. Functions much like a database server, performing complex queries while the client interfaces with the server to simplify reporting and configuration. Began under the name of GNessUs as a fork of Nessus October 2005. Website Wikipedia
Android, Inc. Original developer of the Android operating system. Founded in Palo Alto, California October 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White. Bought by Google August 17, 2005. Wikipedia Engadget
Django High-level web development framework written in Python. First released July 21, 2005. Website Wikipedia
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) Wikipedia
F# (F Sharp) Programing language developed by Microsoft. Released May 2005. Wikipedia Microsoft Developer Network Microsoft (F# 1.0.8 released)
Cisco ASA 5510 Firewall made by Cisco. Released May 4, 2005. Website Data Sheet
Forza Motorsports First released in North America May 3, 2005. Wikipedia
Overclock3D.net Technology discussion forum. Founded March 9, 2005. Website
Mac Mini Small form factor computer made by Apple. Released January 22, 2005. Website Wikipedia
Flash Plug-in maintained by Adobe. Originally developed by Macromedia. Acquired by Adobe in 2005. Wikipedia
Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) Announced in 2005 Wikipedia
Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) Combines Security Information Management (SIM) and Security Event Management (SEM) software products and services. Analyzes security alerts from networking equipment and software in real-time. Can aggregate and correlate data, allowing you to organize it into valuable information. Splunk is an example of SIEM. Coined by Mark Nicolett and Amrit Williams of Gartner in 2005. Wikipedia
Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA-1) Cryptographic hash function which produces a 160-bit hash value known as a message digest. part of several widely used security applications and protocols, including TLS and SSL, PGP, SSH, S/MIME, and IPsec. Can provide data integrity in a VPN. Designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA). not been considered secure since 2005. Wikipedia
2004
World of Warcraft (WoW) Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG) from Blizzard Entertainment. First released November 23, 2004. Website Wikipedia
Razr Series of phones made by Motorola. First released in 2004. Wikipedia
V3 First phone in the Motorola Razr series. Released Q3 2004. Wikipedia
IEEE 802.11i-2004 (802.11i) Amendment to the original IEEE 802.11 witch improved security. Implemented as Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2). Draft standard was ratified on June 24, 2004. Wikipedia
Apple Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC) (aka: Apple Lossless) Lossless audio format developed by Apple. First released April 28, 2004. Wikipedia
ASLEAP Exploit to Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol (LEAP). Released by Joshua Wright in early 2004. Wikipedia
Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) (aka: PCI Express) Serial communication with unidirectional serial lanes. Does not slow down when slower devices are connected. Replaced PCI, PCI-X, and AGP. Developed in 2004. Wikipedia
LGA 775 (LGA, 775 pins, aka: Socket T) CPU socket used by Intel microprocessors from 2004-2007. The list includes Prescott and Cedar Mill Pentium 4, Smithfield and Presler Pentium D, Core 2 Duo and Core 2 Quad. Released in 2004. Superseded by LGA 1156 (Socket H) and LGA 1366 (Socket B). Wikipedia
2003
Steam A gaming social network. First released September 12, 2003. Wikipedia
Advanced Encryption Standard - Cipher Block Chaining (AES-CBC) Used with IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP). Published September 2003. RFC 3602
Xcode IDE from Apple. First released fall 2003. Website Wikipedia
Skype A free softphone that uses proprietary protocols. First released August 29, 2003. Website Wikipedia
Tesla Motors American automotive and energy company. Founded July, 2003. Wikipedia
Power Mac G5 Released June 23, 2003. Wikipedia
Safari Web browser from Apple. irst released January 7, 2003. Version 1.0 released June 23, 2003. Website Wikipedia
x86-64 (AMD64) 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set. Wikipedia
Opteron Processor line made by AMD. First processor to support the 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set; AMD64 or x86-64. First released April 22, 2003. Wikipedia
SQL Slammer Worm Worm that exploited a bug in Microsoft SQL Server and Desktop Engine. Launcehed January 25, 2003. Wikipedia
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) Released in 2003. Wikipedia
Xen Hypervisor for Linux, BSD, and OpenSolaris. First released in 2003. Wikipedia Website Xen Wiki
ExpressCard (initially called NEWCARD) Developed by the PCMCIA as a way to support USB 2.0, USB 3.0, and PCI Express in laptops. two form factors, ExpressCard/34 (34 mm (1.3 in) wide) and ExpressCard/54 (54 mm (2.1 in) wide). First released in 2003. Wikipedia
IEEE 802.11g-2003 Amendment to IEEE 802.11 with transfer speeds up to 54Mbps on the same 2.4GHz band as 802.11b. Max range of 802.11b and 802.11g is 32m indoors / 140m outdoors. Rapidly adopted by consumers starting in January 2003, well before ratification. Wikipedia
10BASE5 (aka: thick Ethernet or thicknet) first commercially available variant of Ethernet. Used RG-8 coaxial cable and vampire tap network connectors. IEEE 802.3 has deprecated this standard for new installations as of 2003. Wikipedia
Double Data Rate version two Synchronous DRAM (DDR2 SDRAM) Release in 2003. Wikipedia
2002
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) Security protocol used in IEEE 802.11 as a temporary solution to WEP. Published October 31, 2002. Deprecated in 2012. Wikipedia
Firefox Open source web browser designed and maintained by Mozilla. First released September 23, 2002. Website Wikipedia
Pastebin.com Pastebin website. Launched September 3, 2002. Website Wikipedia
AMD Athlon XP 2600+ Microprocessors from AMD. Released August 21, 2002. Wikipedia
DVD+R Single Sided, Single Layer DVD recordable (DVD+R) and DVD rewritable (DVD+RW) discs have a 4.7 GB capacity.
| DVD+R, DVD+RW | 4,700,372,992 Bytes |
Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX) Founded May 2002. Website Wikipedia
Arch Linux A Linux distribution. First released March 11, 2002. Wikipedia
.NET Framework Software framework developed by Microsoft. Initially released February 13, 2002. Wikipedia Microsoft
Ageia Originally developed what would become PhysX. Founded in 2002. Acquired by Nvidia in 2008. Wikipedia
2001
Xbox First released November 15, 2001. Wikipedia
L2TP/IPsec (UDP port 1701) Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) running through an IPsec tunnel for security. Standardized in IETF RFC 3193 November 2001. Wikipedia RFC 3193
Windows XP (Whistler) Initially released October 25, 2001. Wikipedia
Windows Firewall (Formerly: Internet Connection Firewall) Software firewall built into Windows. First included with Windows XP. TechNet Wikipedia
iPod Portable music player made by Apple. First released October 23, 2001. Apple Press Info Wikipedia
GameCube Video game console made by Nintendo. First released in Japan September 14, 2001. Wikipedia
Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC) Does not compress the audio file. Released July 20, 2001 Wikipedia
Code Red Computer worm. Released July 13, 2001. Isolation July 15, 2001. Wikipedia.
Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64) (aka: ia64) Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) for 64-bit Intel microprocessors in the Itanium family. First released June 2001. Wikipedia
Itanium Family of 64-bit microprocessors from Intel. First released June 2001. Wikipedia
iBook (Dual USB) Released May 1, 2001. Wikipedia
.json A JSON file. Wikipedia
JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Open-standard text format that is meant to be human-readable. It is the most common data format used for asynchronous browser/server communication (AJAJ), largely replacing XML which is used by AJAX. Website Wikipedia
Kazaa P2P file sharing application. First released March 2001. Wikipedia
Wikipedia Worlds most popular wiki. Launched January 15, 2001. Wikipedia Website
IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) Originally published in 2001. Wikipedia (IEEE_802.16) Wikipedia (WiMAX)
2000
Darwin Open source OS based on BSD and made by Apple. OS X and iOS get their core components from Darwin. First released November 15, 2000. Wikipedia Website
Apache Subversion (SVN) Software versioning and revision control system distributed as open source under the Apache License. First released October 20, 2000. Website Wikipedia
Windows ME Released September 14, 2000. Wikipedia
Blue Origin Founded September 2000 by Jeff Bezos. Website Wikipedia
X-Men Released July 14, 2000 IMDB Nerdist
C# Object oriented programming language. Released July 2000 Wikipedia
Drupal Free, open-source CMS framework written in PHP. First released May 18, 2000. Website Wikipedia
USB 2.0 (aka: High Speed) Up to 480Mbps (60MBps) transfer rate. Max cable length is 5 meters (30 meters if using the maximum of five hubs). Released in April 2000. Wikipedia
WinSCP (aka: Windows Secure Copy) Free and open-source SFTP, FTP, WebDAV, Amazon S3 and SCP client for Microsoft Windows. Development began March 2000. Website Wikipedia
iBook SE (aka: iBook Special Edition) Released February 16, 2000. Wikipedia
Linear Tape-Open (LTO) Magnetic tape data storage technology. Maximum capacity of 12 TB with the 8th generation as of 2017. LTO-1 released in 2000. Wikipedia
1999
Blue Gene Supercomputer from IBM. Announced December 1999. Wikipedia
Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP) October 28, 1999 Wikipedia IETF
NVIDIA GeForce 256 First GPU in the GeForce family. Released October 11, 1999. Wikipedia
Dreamcast Video game console made by Sega. Released in Japan November 27, 1998. Released in North America September 9, 1999. Wikipedia
Power Mac G4 Released August 31, 1999. Wikipedia
System Shock 2 First released August 11, 1999. Wikipedia
AMD Athlon 650 Microprocessor from AMD. Released August 9, 1999. Wikipedia
V.92 ITU standard for 56 kb/s download and 48 kb/s upload modems. Introduced August 1999. Wikipedia ITU
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) (UDP ports 500 and 4500) Tunneling protocol similar to PPTP used to support Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). L2TP does not provide confidentiality or strong authentication by itself but is often used with IPsec to provide encryption. The combination of these two protocols is generally known as L2TP/IPsec. Published as proposed standard RFC 2661 August 1999. Wikipedia RFC 2661 Cisco
7-Zip File archiver. First released July 18, 1999. Website Wikipedia
AMD Athlon Family of x86 microprocessors from AMD. First released June 23, 1999. Wikipedia
AMD Athlon 600 First of the CPUs in the family of Athlon microprocessors released from AMD. Released June 23, 1999. Wikipedia
iBook G3 (aka: iBook G3 Clamshell) Released June 21, 1999. Wikipedia
iBook Line of laptops from Apple. First released with the iBook G3 June 21, 1999. Wikipedia
Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) First released release June 9, 1999. Wikipedia
IEEE 802.11b-1999 (aka: 802.11b) Wireless standard that operates at 2.4GHz. Maximum transfer speed of 11Mbps. Max range of 802.11b and 802.11g is 32m indoors / 140m outdoors. 802.11b products appeared on the market in mid-1999. The Apple iBook was the first mainstream computer sold with optional 802.11b networking. Wikipedia
Landset 7 Satellite used for global satellite images. Launched on April 15, 1999. Wikipedia
Digital Visual Interface (DVI)
| DVI-I | (integrated, combines digital and analog in the same connector; digital may be single or dual link) |
| DVI-D | (digital only, single link or dual link) |
| DVI-A | (analog only) |
Developed April 1999. Wikipedia
The Matrix Released March 31, 1999. IMDB Wikipedia
Melissa Mass-mailing macro virus. Not considered as a worm as it was not a standalone program. Released by David L. Smith sometime around March 26, 1999. Wikipedia
Power Macintosh G3 (Blue & White) Released January 5, 1999. Wikipedia
Apache Lucene Free and open-source information retrieval software library. Written by Doug Cutting in 1999. Website Wikipedia
Neptune Codename for an unreleased version of Windows. Developed in 1999. Wikipedia
System Management Basic Input/Output System (SMBIOS) (System Management BIOS) Introduced in 1999. Wikipedia
Transport Layer Security (TLS) Successor to SSL. TLS 1.0 first defined in RFC 2246 January 1999. Wikipedia RFC 2246
RingCentral Cloud-based phone system. Founded in 1999 Website Wikipedia
IEEE 802.11a-1999 (aka: 802.11a) Wireless standard that operates at 5GHz. Maximum transfer speed of 54Mbps. Ratified in 1999. Wikipedia
1998
Internet Key Exchange (IKE) (UDP port 500, RFC 2409) Used to set up a security association (SA) in the IPsec protocol suite to authenticate users and devices. Builds on the Oakley protocol and ISAKMP. Uses X.509 certificates for authentication. Several types of authentication: username, password, one-time password, biometrics, PSK, and digital certificates. Originally defined by the IETF in RFC 2407, RFC 2408 and RFC 2409 November 1998. Wikipedia RFC 2407 RFC 2408 RFC 2409
Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) Creates a Security Association (SA) between two hosts. Defined in RFC 2408 November 1998. Wikipedia RFC 2408
phpMyAdmin Interface for managing MySQL databases through a web browser. First released September 9, 1998. Wikipedia
Google The company that will one day rule the world. Founded September 4, 1998. Website Wikipedia
iMac All-in-one computer made by Apple. Announced May 6, 1998. First released August 15, 1998. Website Wikipedia
USB 1.1 (aka: Full Speed) Up to 12Mbps (1.5MBps) transfer rate. Max cable length is 3 meters (18 meters if using the maximum of five hubs). Released in August 1998. Wikipedia
Sony Vaio 505 First released July 24, 1998. Wikipedia
Xeon Microprocessor made by Intel. First produced June 1998. Wikipedia
Pentium II Xeon (Drake) First processor in the Xeon lineup. Announced June 29, 1998. Wikipedia Tom's Hardware
Windows 98 (code name: Memphis) Released May 15, 1998. Wikipedia
StarCraft Released March 31, 1998. Website Wikipedia
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Authentication framework created as a better authentication method to PPP. Proposed as a standard in RFC 2284, March 1998. Wikipedia RFC 3748 RFC 5247 RFC 7057 RFC 2284
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) (aka: Rijndael) A type a data encryption. More efficient than DES. Three key lengths; 128, 192, and 256 bits. Can be used by IPsec to encrypt data. Symmetric cryptosystem. First published in 1998. Wikipedia
Nessus Proprietary vulnerability scanner and audit tool developed by Tenable Network Security. Free for personal use in a non-enterprise environment. Started by Renaud Deraison in 1998. Website Wikipedia
Akamai Technologies, Inc. Content Delivery Network (CDN) and cloud services provider headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1998. Website Wikipedia
Peripheral Component Interconnect eXtended (PCI-X) (aka: PCI eXtended) Based on PCI. Designed for servers. Higher bandwidth and four times faster clock speed than PCI. 1064 MB/s throughput. Parallel communication. Developed in 1998. Wikipedia
1997
Power Macintosh G3 (Beige) Released November 1997. Wikipedia
Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) QoS IntServ mechanism that reserves resources for an integrated services internet. Operates at OSI Layer 4 (transport). Defined in RFC 2205 September 1997. Wikipedia RFC 2205
Nmap (Network Mapper) Free and open source port scanning utility used for network discovery and security auditing. Written by Gordon Lyon. Published September 1997. Website Wikipedia
DESCHALL First group to publicly crack the Data Encryption Standard (DES). Announced June 18, 1997. Wikipedia This Day in Tech History
OK Computer Third studio album from Radiohead. Released May 21, 1997. Wikipedia
HTC Taiwanese consumer electronics company headquartered in Xindian District, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Founded May 15, 1997. Website Wikipedia
AOL Instant Messenger (AIM) Released May 1997. Wikipedia
American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) Founded April 18, 1997. Wikipedia Website
Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) Lossy audio compression format. Standardized in April 1997as the successor to MP3 files. Wikipedia
K6 Microprocessor from AMD. Introduced April 1997. Wikipedia
Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh Released March 20, 1997. Wikipedia
Power Macintosh 8600 (code name: Kansas) First released February 17, 1997. Wikipedia
Black Hat Briefings Security conference commonly referred to as Black Hat. Founded in 1997 by Jeff Moss, who also founded DEF CON. Website Wikipedia
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) (port 80) Transfers webpages that make up the World Wide Web (WWW). When a request for a webpage is made to a web server, HTTP specifies the message types used for communication. The three common message types are GET, POST, and PUT. Introduced under RFC 2068 in January 1997. Wikipedia RFC 2068 RFC 2616 RFC 7540
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) (deprecated) Uses the RC4 stream cipher for confidentiality, and the CRC-32 checksum for integrity. Can be easily hacked. Introduced as part of the original 802.11 standard ratified in 1997. Superseded by Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) in 2003. Deprecated in 2004. Wikipedia
The Vintage Computer Festival (VCF) Founded by Sellam Ismail in 1997. Wikipedia
smurf attack Type DDoS attack where large amounts of ICMP packets are sent from a spoofed IP address on the network to the network broadcast address causing many replies. Originally written as smurf.c by Dan Moschuk, aka TFreak, in 1997. Wikipedia Hackepedia
DVD-R Single Sided, Single Layer DVD recordable (DVD-R) and DVD rewritable (DVD-RW) discs have a 4.7 GB capacity.
| DVD-R, DVD-RW | 4,707,319,808 Bytes |
1996
Office 97 Released November 19, 1996. Wikipedia
Nokia 8110 Phone famously featured in the movie The Matrix. Announced September 9, 1996. Wikipedia
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) Performs a one-way authentication for a remote access connection. Authentication is performed through a three-way handshake (challenge, response, acceptance message) between a server and a client, without sending credentials across the network. Specified in RFC 1994, August 1996. Wikipedia RFC 1334 RFC 1994
ncpa.cpl Command to open Network Properties in Windows. Introduced with Windows NT 4.0. July 31, 1996 Microsoft
Windows NT 4.0 Released July 31, 1996. Wikipedia
Nintendo 64 (N64) Video game console made by Nintendo. First released in Japan June 23, 1996. Wikipedia
Quake First released June 22, 1996. Wikipedia
K5 AMD's first x86 processor developed entirely in-house. Released March 27, 1996. Wikipedia
Juniper Networking company in Sunnyvale, California. Founded February 6, 1996 Wikipedia Website
Gil Amelio Named CEO of Apple Computer February 2, 1996 Wikipedia This Day in Tech History
ActiveX Allows for interactive and multimedia elements to integrate into web pages. Developed by Microsoft. Initially released in 1996. Wikipedia
Universal Serial Bus (USB) Standard connector that replaced the plethora of serial and parallel IO. Designed to be "Plug-and-Play" hot swappable and self-configuring. Supports up to 127 connected devices through a single bus (port) at one time. First introduced January 1996. Wikipedia
Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) Proposed by Novell in 1996. Wikipedia
USB 1.0 (aka: Low Bandwidth, Low Speed) Up to 1.5Mbps transfer rate. First introduced January 1996. Wikipedia
Neustar Founded in 1996 Website Wikipedia
RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest (RIPEMD) (128, 160, 256, and 320-bit digests) Open standard family of cryptographic hash functions. Based on MD4 and is similar in performance to SHA-1. Not very common. Developed in Leuven, Belgium, by Hans Dobbertin, Antoon Bosselaers and Bart Preneel at the COSIC research group at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, and first published in 1996. Wikipedia
1995
Apache HTTP server.
| ServerRoot: | |
|---|---|
/usr/local/apache2 | |
/etc/apache2 | Debian |
/etc/httpd | |
"C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2" | Windows |
.mp3 File extension for an MP3 file. The name .mp3 was chosen by the Fraunhofer team on July 14, 1995. Wikipedia
PHP Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) Server-side scripting language designed for web development but also used as a general-purpose programming language. The basic syntax looks like this: < ? php //code goes here ?> Originaly released as "Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools)" June 8, 1995. Wikipedia Website YouTube (Derek Banas)
Internet Tidal Wave Memo written by Bill Gates titled "The Internet Tidal Wave" declaring: "The Internet is the most important single development to come along since the IBM PC was introduced in 1981." Sent out May 26, 1995. Wired This Day in Tech History
Java Object-oriented programming language. Released May 23, 1995. Wikipedia
MySQL A popular RDBMS. First released May 23, 1995. Website Wikipedia YouTube (Derek Banas)
E3 Electronic Entertainment Expo. First held May 11, 1995 - May 13, 1995 at the Los Angeles Convention Center. Website Wikipedia
WinRAR File archiver. First released April 22, 1995. Website Wikipedia
Opera Web browser developed by Opera Software. First released April 1995. Website Wikipedia
Yahoo! Started by Jerry Yang and David Filo January, 1994 as Jerry and David's guide to the World Wide Web. Incorporated as Yahoo in March, 1995. Wikipedia Website
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Can be used to established remote-access VPN connections. Initially published as SSL 2.0 February 1995. Wikipedia Instant SSL by Comodo
Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) Responds immediately and inspects traffic before it enters the network. Developed during the late 1990s. Wikipedia YouTube
OpenBSD UNIX like OS based off BSD. Forked from NetBSD in 1995. Website Wikipedia
Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX) Motherboard standard developed by Intel. Released in 1995. Wikipedia
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Began shortly after Sun Microsystems released Java in 1995. Wikipedia
1994
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Tunneling protocol developed by Cisco. Creates a virtual point-to-point link and encapsulates Layer 3 packets. Has no encryption or authentication of data. By itself GRE is stateless and does not have flow-control. At least 24 bytes of additional overhead for tunneled packets. The original form of VPN. Introduced in 1994 as RFC 1701. Proposed as an IETF standard in 2000 as RFC 2784. Wikipedia RFC 1701 RFC 2784 Cisco
System Shock Released September 23, 1994. Wikipedia
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Common non-proprietary Layer 2 protocol found on dedicated leased lines. Sends packets over point-to-point links. Offers features such as: multilink interface, looped link detection, error detection, and authentication. Supports PAP and CHAP authentication. Can be configured on interfaces with asynchronous serial, synchronous serial, HSSI, and ISDN. Defined in RFC 1661 July 1994. Wikipedia RFC 1661
Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15) Wireless standard that operates using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz to form personal area networks (PANs). Packet-based protocol with a master/slave architecture. One master may communicate with up to seven slaves in a piconet. Devices operate at very low power levels of approximately 1 milliwatt (mW). Invented by Dutch electrical engineer Jaap Haartsen, working for telecom vendor Ericsson in 1994. Named after the Denmark King, Harald Bluetooth because he united Denmark and Norway just as the protocol did for technology. Wikipedia (Bluetooth) Wikipedia (Harald Bluetooth) Website
NAT firewall Expands IP address range and hides addressing scheme. One of the first NAT filrewalls was the PIX firewall developed in 1994 and later bough by Cisco. Wikipedia (Cisco PIX)
Network Address Translation (NAT) Remaps one IP address space into another. Three kinds of NAT: static, dynamic, and overload (PAT). Translation process:
| Inside local | private IP address being translated |
| Inside global | public IP address referencing an inside device |
| Outside local | private IP address referencing an outside device |
| Outside global | public IP address referencing an outside device |
One of the first NAT appliances is the PIX firewall developed in 1994. RFC 1631 Wikipedia (Network Address Translation) Wikipedia (Cisco PIX) YouTube (VambarInc) How Stuff Works
R Programming language. First released in 1994 Website Wikipedia
Corsair Computer peripherals and hardware company headquartered in Fremont, California. Founded in 1994. Website Wikipedia
Cisco PIX One of the first NAT appliances. Developed in 1994. Wikipedia History of the PIX Firewall
1993
Doom First-person shooter. First released December 10, 1993 to MS-DOS and Mac OS. Wikipedia
New Technology File System (NTFS) (Comically known as: Not The Fat System) Microsofts' proprietary file system. Released with Windows NT 3.1 July 27, 1993. Wikipedia
Windows NT Family of operating systems from Microsoft. This began with Windows NT 3.1 released July 27, 1993. Wikipedia
Windows NT 3.1 Released July 27, 1993. Wikipedia
DEF CON (aka: DEFCON) One of the world's largest security/hacker conventions. First held June 9, 1993. Website Wikipedia
Exchange Mail server from Microsoft. First released April 11, 1993. Website Wikipedia
NVIDIA Founded April 1993. Website Wikipedia
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) Internal gateway, distance vector, classless protocol. Creates and maintains the topology table, neighbor table, and the best path(s) in the routing table. Has an administrative distance of 90 and uses multicast address 224.0.0.10. Protocol number of 88. Uses DUAL. Establishes neighbor adjacencies with hello packets. Can be configured with authentication at the router. Sends out only partial and bounded updates. (Only sends route changes to the routers it affects.) Was originally Cisco proprietary but Cisco released basic functionality to the IETF and it is now an 'open' standard. Introduced in 1993. Wikipedia Cisco RFC 7868
Red Hat Runs RHEL. Headquarters are in Raleigh, North Carolina. Founded in 1993. Website Wikipedia
Simple Network Management Protocol version 2c (SNMPvc2) Community-based form of security. Able to access an agent's MIB as defined by ACLs and passwords. Offer minimal security features. (No encryption or authentication.) Wikipedia
Software-Optimized Encryption Algorithm (SEAL) Alternative algorithm to software-based DES, 3DES, and AES. Stream cipher with 160 bit encryption key. Low CPU usage. Symmetric Developed in 1993 by Phillip Rogaway and Don Coppersmith. Netacad
Blue Screen of Death (BSoD) Similar to a kernel panic. Occurs when Windows encounters a "STOP Error". The iPhone 5S encountered a "BSoD" of sorts when trying to install iOS 7. Present in Windows as early as Windows NT 3.1 in 1993. Wikipedia How-To Geek Apple Forums PC Mag
Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems (RTEMS) (formerly Real-Time Executive for Missile Systems, Real-Time Executive for Military Systems) Free and open-source Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) designed for embedded systems. Development began in the late 1980s with early versions available via ftp as early as 1993. Website Wikipedia
Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System Plus (TACACS+) Protocol developed by Cisco. Although derived from TACACS, TACACS+ is a separate protocol that handles authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) services. Encrypts an entire authentication packet, rather than just the password. Released as an open standard beginning in 1993. Wikipedia
Blowfish Symmetric block cipher. Designed by Bruce Schneier in 1993. Wikipedia
1992
GNU zip (gzip) Compresses files but not directories. Initially released October 31, 1992 Wikipedia
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Expansion card slot found on a motherboard. Created by Intel June 22, 1992. Wikipedia
Windows 3.1 (codenamed Janus) Released April 6, 1992. Wikipedia This Day in Tech History
Message-Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5) Widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. Used as a checksum to verify data integrity, but only against unintentional corruption. Initially designed as a cryptographic hash function but its security has been compromised due to extensive vulnerabilities. Designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to MD4. Published in RFC 1321 April 1992. Wikipedia
Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC - Performance Computing (PowerPC) Microprocessor designed by Apple, IBM, and Motorola (AIM). Released in 1992. Wikipedia
Cooler Master Computer hardware manufacturer from Taiwan. Founded in 1992. Website Wikipedia
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T) (often written as SMART) Keeps track of the health of a hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD). Wikipedia
fping Ping sweep tool used to ping multiple IP addresses simultaneously. First published by Roland Schemers in 1992. Website Wikipedia
1991
vim (vi improved) A text editor UNIX based operating systems.
| Commands: | |
| :i | (insert) |
| :q | (quit) |
| :w | (write) |
PowerBook 100 Released October 21, 1991. Wikipedia
PowerBook 140 Released October 21, 1991. Wikipedia
PowerBook 170 Released October 21, 1991. Wikipedia
Apple IBM Motorola (AIM) Alliance between Apple, IBM, and Motorola to create PowerPC. Formed October 2, 1991. Wikipedia
Linux Operating system based off of UNIX. Written in C. Wikipedia
Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) (authentication) Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) for digital signatures, based on the mathematical concept of modular exponentiation and the discrete logarithm problem. DSA is a variant of the Schnorr and ElGamal signature schemes. DSA signature generation is faster than DSA signature verification. Attributed to David W. Kravitz. Filed under U.S. Patent 5,231,668 July 26, 1991. Adopted by the U.S. government in 1993 with FIPS 186. Wikipedia
Visual Basic First released May 1991. Website Wikipedia
Python High-level programming language that uses a simple syntax First released February 20, 1991. Website Wikipedia
Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) (aka: sim card) Developed in 1991 by Munich smart-card maker Giesecke & Devrien. Wikipedia
International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) [originally called Improved Proposed Encryption Standard (IPES)] Symmetric-key block cipher. Intended as a replacement for the Data Encryption Standard (DES). IDEA is a minor revision of an earlier cipher Proposed Encryption Standard (PES). Designed by James Massey of ETH Zurich and Xuejia Lai and was first described in 1991. Wikipedia
1990
Z Shell (zsh) Released December 14, 1990. Wikipedia
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) (aka: Super Nintendo) Video game console made by Nintendo. First released in Japan November 21, 1990. Wikipedia
Final Fantasy Fantasy role-playing game. First released for the NES in Japan December 18, 1987 and in North America July 12, 1990. Wikipedia
Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) International non-profit digital rights group based in San Francisco, California. Founded by Mitch Kapor, John Perry Barlow, and John Gilmore July 6, 1990. Wikipedia Website
Simple Network Management Protocol version 1 (SNMPv1) Community-based form of security. Able to access an agent's MIB as defined by ACLs and passwords. Offer minimal security features. (No encryption or authentication.) Defined in RFC 1157 May 1990. Wikipedia RFC 1157
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) 802.1D A legacy standard that runs all VLANs in a spanning tree instance. Developed to addresses the issue of routing loops. Ensures redundant physical links are loop-free. First standardized by IEEE as 802.1D in 1990. Original algorithm developed by Radia Perlman in 1985. Cisco Wikipedia Cisco (Understanding and Configuring Spanning Tree Protocol)
switch Network device that typically operates at OSI Layer 2, Layer 3, or Layer 7. Provides centralized connectivity similar to hubs. Forwards data only to the device(s) that need to receive it based on the Layer 2 header. Filters MAC addresses and builds a MAC table. Switch has ports, router has interfaces. Can operate with or without VLANs. First Ethernet switch was introduced by Kalpana in 1990. Wikipedia Network Computing archive
Extended TACACS (XTACACS) Proprietary extension to TACACS. Both TACACS and XTACACS allow a remote access server to communicate with an authentication server to determine if the user has access to the network. Introduced by Cisco Systems without backwards compatibility to the original protocol in 1990. Wikipedia
Message-Digest Algorithm 4 (MD4) Cryptographic hash function. Developed by Ronald Rivest in 1990. First full collision attack against MD4 was published in 1995. Wikipedia
Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) Physical and logical interface defined in the original IEEE 802.3 standard for 10BASE5 Ethernet. Phased out in the early 1990s in favor of 10BASE-T. Wikipedia
1989
Macintosh Portable Released September 20, 1989. Wikipedia
Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) Published and maintained a sequence of standards for parallel communication peripheral interfaces in laptops, notably the PC Card (PCMCIA card), and the ExpressCard, all of which are technologically obsolete. Founded September 1989. Dissolved in 2009. Activities now managed by the USB Implementer's Forum. Wikipedia
Genesis Video game console made by Sega. First released in North America August 14, 1989. Wikipedia
VESA (formally known as Video Electronics Standards Association) Founded July 1989. Website Wikipedia
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Exterior gateway routing protocol, path vector, classes. Designed to share prefix information between different autonomous systems. Version 1 was introduced in June 1989 under RFC 1105. Wikipedia RFC 4271 RFC 1105
World Wide Web (WWW) (aka: the Web, port 80) HTTP/web services. Information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs, such as https://www.example.com/), which may be interlinked by hypertext, and are accessible via the Internet. The resources of the WWW may be accessed by users via a software application called a web browser. Invented by English scientist Tim Berners-Lee while working for CERN by submitting Information Management: A Proposal on March 12, 1989. Wikipedia
Network File System (NFS) Distributed file system that allows access to files over a network in a similar manner to accessing a local file. Developed by Sun Microsystems. First defined in RFC 1094 March 1989. Wikipedia RFC 1094 Netacad
stateful firewall Filters traffic based on what is allowed to enter or exit an interface, without inspecting the traffic. Only packets matching a known active connection are allowed to pass the firewall. Monitors state of connection through SPI. Most common type of firewall. Developed by Bell Labs in 1989. Wikipedia
1988
worm Malicious code that replicates itself. Responsible for some of the most devastating attacks on the internet. Primarily network based and can slow networks down. Can run on its own without user interaction. Tend to exploit software vulnerabilities.
| Three major parts: |
|---|
| enabling vulnerability |
| propagation mechanism |
| payload |
First used in John Brunner's 1975 novel, The Shockwave Rider. First appearance on the internet was the Morris worm released November 2, 1988. Wikipedia YouTube Netacad
Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3) Defined in RFC 1081 November 1988. Wikipedia RFC 1081
Microsoft Office First announced August 1, 1988. Released August 1, 1989 for Mac OS and November 19, 1990 for Windows. Wikipedia
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Service uses port 161, trap uses port 162. Uses SNMP managers, agents, and MIBs. Consumes more bandwidth than Syslog. First defined in RFC 1067 August 1988. Wikipedia RFC 1067 Cisco (Configuring SNMP) Netacad CCIE or Null!
X.509 ITU-T standard for Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Released July 3, 1988. Wikipedia ITU
Application System/400 (AS/400) Introduced June 21, 1988. Wikipedia
Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) [aka: Computer Emergency Readiness Team, Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT)] Expert group that handles computer security incidents. USA CERT created by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and run by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) at the Carnegie Mellon University. CERT name first used in 1988 by the CERT Coordination Center (CERT-CC) at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). SEI Website Wikipedia
Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) IEEE standard for software compatibility with various UNIX-based operating systems. Standardized by Richard Stallman and IEEE in 1988. Wikipedia
TrendMicro Security software company based in Tokyo, Japan. Founded in 1988. Wikipedia Website
VisionTek Founded in 1988. Website
1987
Perl High level programming language. Originally developed by Larry Wall. First released December 18, 1987. Website Wikipedia
Christmas Tree EXEC First widely disruptive computer worm. Discovered December 9, 1987. Wikipedia Malware Wiki
pointer record (PTR) Type of DNS record that maps an IP address to a hostname. Defined in RFC 1035 November 1987. Wikipedia RFC 1035
X11 Version of the X Window System. X11 since September 1987. Wikipedia
GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) (formerly: GNU C Compiler) Compiler system produced by the GNU Project supporting various programming languages. Originally only supported the C programming language and later C++. Front ends were later developed for Objective-C, Objective-C++, Fortran, Java, Ada, and Go among others. First released May 23, 1987. Website Wikipedia
IBM Personal System/2 (PS/2) Released April, 1987. Introduced OS/2 the PS/2 Wikipedia
McAfee Security software company based in Santa Clara, California. Founded in 1987. Bought by Intel in 2010 for $7.68 billion. Wikipedia
PC/104 Embedded computer standards which define both form factors and computer buses. PC/104 is intended for specialized environments where a small, rugged computer system is required. The standard is modular, and allows consumers to stack together boards from a variety of COTS manufacturers to produce a customized embedded system. Originally devised by Ampro in 1987 (led by CTO Rick Lehrbaum), and later standardized by the PC/104 Consortium in 1992. Wikipedia
Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) (formerly: Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) Configuration of multiple disks for redundancy (mirroring/parity) and sometimes performance (striping with RAID 0). Term "RAID" was invented by David Patterson, Garth A. Gibson, and Randy Katz at the University of California, Berkeley in 1987. Wikipedia
Huawei Founded in 1987. Wikipedia
VxWorks Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) intended for embedded devices. Runs on many architectures, and supports features such as SMP, IPv6, TIPC and memory protection. Developed as proprietary software by Wind River Systems. First released in 1987. Website Wikipedia
Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4) (aka: Alleged RC4 (ARC4), ARCFOUR) (1 round, 40-2048 bit key) Stream cipher popularized by its speed and simplicity. Part of some commonly used encryption protocols and standards, such as WEP, WPA, SSL, and TLS. Designed by Ron Rivest in 1987. Initially a trade secret, but in September 1994 a description of it was anonymously posted to the Cypherpunks mailing list. Prohibited for all versions of TLS by RFC 7465 in 2015, due to the RC4 attacks weakening or breaking RC4 used in SSL/TLS. Wikipedia
S-Video (aka: separate video, Y/C) Signaling standard for standard definition video, typically 480i or 576i. It transmits video signals over a cable by dividing the video information into two separate signals: one for color (chrominance), and the other for brightness (luminance). Better image quality than composite video, but has lower color resolution than component video. Uses a 4, 7, or 9 pin Mini-DIN connector. Designed in 1987. Wikipedia
1986
Aaron Swartz Developer involved with several projects including RSS, Markdown, and Reddit. November 8, 1986 - January 11, 2013. Wikipedia
Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) Funded by the U.S. Department of Defense. Helped create the first router. Originated in 1986. Wikipedia
Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) The predecessor to SATA. Originally developed in 1986 by Wester Digital under the name Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE). Wikipedia TechTerms
Antec Computer case and accessory maker. Founded 1986. Located in Fremont California. Wikipedia
IEEE 1394 (aka: FireWire, i.LINK, Lynx) Serial bus interface for high-speed communications and isochronous real-time data transfer. Typically a coper cable which can be up to 4.5 meters (15 ft.) long. Comes in 4, 6, or 9 pin variants. Maximum power of 30 V and 1.5 A. Supports up to 63 daisy chained devices. Similar to USB, though USB requires a master controller. Developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s by Apple, who called it FireWire. Also known by the brands i.LINK (Sony), and Lynx (Texas Instruments). Wikipedia
Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) The first version of what is now ATA. Developed by Western Digital in 1986. Wikipedia
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) (IMAP: port 143, IMAPS: port 993) Protocol for email retrieval. IMAP Secure (IMAPS) operates over SSL or TLS. Designed by Mark Crispin in 1986. Wikipedia
pcAnywhere Suite of computer programs by Symantec for remote access. Operates on ports 65301, 22, 5631, and 5632. Originally developed by Dynamic Microprocessor Associates in 1986. Wikipedia
1985
Windows 1.01 Released November 20, 1985. Website Wikipedia
Excel Spreadsheet application from Mricosoft. Fisrt released September 30, 1985. Website Wikipedia Microsoft (Shortcuts)
Gateway Computer company based in South Dakota. Founded September 5, 1985. Acquired by Acer October 16, 2007. Wikipedia
Commodore Amiga 1000 (aka: A1000) First personal computer from Commodore. Released July 23, 1985. Wikipedia
Apple LaserWriter Laser printer with built-in PostScript interpreter from Apple Computer, Inc. One of the first laser printers available to the mass market. Released March 1, 1985. Discontinued February 1, 1988. Wikipedia
Post Office Protocol version 2 (POP2) Defined in RFC 937 February 1985. Wikipedia RFC 937
Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC) Public key cryptography protocol used for encryption as well as digital signatures and key exchange. Reduces the time needed to generate keys. Often used on small mobile devices, due to its low power and computing requirements. Wikipedia
Single UNIX Specification (SUS) Standards required to qualify as "UNIX" Wikipedia
1984
Cisco Networking company based in San Jose, California. Founded in December of 1984. Name derived from San Francisco where Cisco first started. Wikipedia
Post Office Protocol (POP) (v2, port 109. v3, port 110.) Application layer protocol used for receiving email. First defined in RFC 918 October 1984. Wikipedia RFC 918
Dell Private computer company. Founded February 1, 1984. Website Wikipedia Support
Macintosh (Mac) Line of computers made by Apple. Commonly shortened to just Mac. First released January 24, 1984. Website Wikipedia
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Monitors network traffic. Developed by SRI International in 1984. Wikipedia
type Shell builtin. Command that describes how its arguments would be interpreted if used as command names. Added to the Bourne Shell in 1984. Wikipedia (UNIX)
X Window System Windowing system typically found on UNIX-based operating systems. Originated from MIT in 1984. Wikipedia
Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System (TACACS (TCP or UDP port 49) Family of related protocols handling remote authentication and related services for networked access control through a centralized server. Originally developed by BBN Technologies for administering MILNET in 1984. Wikipedia
Printer Command Language (PCL) First released on the HP ThinkJet 2225 in 1984. Wikipedia
Digital Linear Tape (DLT) (formerly: CompacTape) Magnetic tape data storage technology. Maximum capacity of 800GB or 160GB in the value line. Developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in 1984. Wikipedia
1983
Domain Name System (DNS) (aka: Domain Name Service) (UDP port 53) Translates domain names such as google.com into IP addresses. Originaly published in RFC 882 and RFC 883 November 1983. Wikipedia RFC 882 RFC 883 Cisco (Configuring DNS on Cisco Routers)
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) Video game console made by Nintendo. First released in Japan as the Family Computer July 15, 1983. Wikipedia
Korn shell (ksh) Announced July 14, 1983. Wikipedia
Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi Released May 25, 1983.
Osborne Executive Successor to the Osborne 1. Announced in 1982. Released April 18, 1983. Wikipedia This Day in Tech History
Apple Lisa Released January 19, 1983. Wikipedia
doc .doc Proprietary filename extension for a Microsoft Word document. Wikipedia
C++ Object-oriented programming language. Introduced in 1983. Website Wikipedia
Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) Works at the OSI session layer (layer 5). Developed as an API. Wikipedia
Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) Annual Apple developer conference. Began in 1983. Website Wikipedia
Objective-C Object-oriented programming language. Released in 1983. Wikipedia
1982
Compaq Portable One of the first 100% IBM PC compatible systems. Announced November 4, 1982 Wikipedia
Commodore 64 8-bit home computer from Commodore International. Released August 1982. Wikipedia
Adobe Software company based in San Jose, California. Founded February 28, 1982. Website Wikipedia
Compaq Founded February 14, 1982. Acquired by HP in 2002. Wikipedia
Intel 80286 (aka: Intel 286) 16-bit microprocessor developed by Intel. Introduced 1 February 1982. Wikipedia
1981
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Used by diagnostic tools such as ping and traceroute. Defined in RFC 792 September, 1981. Wikipedia RFC 792
TC Shell (tcsh) Default shell in FreeBSD. Previosly used as the default shell before Mac OS X 10.3. Website Wikipedia
Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) Released in August 1981. Wikipedia
Osborne 1 First commercially successful portable microcomputer. Released April 3, 1981. Wikipedia Technologizer
Network Time Protocol (NTP) (UDP port 123) Synchronizes time across devices in the network. Helps when comparing syslog. Wikipedia Debian Wiki
Computex Computer expo in Taipei. First expo in 1981. Website Wikipedia
Wind River Systems Alameda, California-based that company develops embedded system software. Founded by Jerry Fiddler and Dave Wilner in 1981. Website Wikipedia
1980
Pac-Man First introduced in Japan as Puck-Man May 22, 1980. Released in the United States October 10, 1980. This Day in Tech History
Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back Released May 17, 1980. Wikipedia
Osborne Computer Corporation (OCC) Founded by Adam Osborne in 1980. Wikipedia
1979
Walkman Portable cassette tape player from Sony. First released July 1, 1979. Wikipedia
VisiCalc First spreadsheet computer program for personal computers. Announced at the West Coast Computer Faire May 11, 1979. Released for the Apple II by VisiCorp at the National Computer Conference June 4, 1979. Wikipedia This Day in Tech History
3COM Founded in 1979. Wikipedia
tar (tape archive) Both a file format and a program. Example:
tar -zxvf |
Version 7 Unix (V7) Wikipedia
Dell EMC (formerly EMC Corporation) Founded in 1979. Website Wikipedia
1978
LaserDisc (LD) Type of optical disc with a 0.3 GB capacity. Released December 15, 1978. Wikipedia
Apple DOS OS used on the Apple II. Released in 1978. Wikipedia
Global Positioning System (GPS) Global navigation satellite system managed by the United States with 24 total satellites. 3 satellites are needed to determine location while 4 are required to determine location and elevation. Launched February 1978. Wikipedia
x86 Classifies kind of the processors used in many personal computers and servers. Based on the Intel 8086 with a 16-bit architecture in 1978. Wikipedia
Intel 8086 16-bit microprocessor developed by Intel. First member of the x86 family. Introduced in 1978. Wikipedia
1977
OpenVMS First released October 25, 1977. Website Wikipedia
Apple II Released June 10, 1977. Wikipedia
Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope Released May 25, 1977.
West Coast Computer Faire First held April 16, 1977. Wikipedia
Data Encryption Standard (DES) Symmetric encryption algorithm, usually encrypted with a block cipher. The key is 64-bits long, but only 56 bits are used for encryption. Can be used by IPsec to encrypt data. Published as FIPS standard FIPS PUB 46 January 15, 1977. Wikipedia Netacad
Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) One of the most common asymmetric algorithms in public key cryptography. Typically used to generate digital signatures. Keys are usually 512 to 2048 bits. Acronym is the first letter from each surname of the developers; Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Len Adleman. Published in 1977. Wikipedia
1976
Acer Founded September 1976. Website Wikipedia
Apple Tech company. Founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak on April 1, 1976. Wikipedia
Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) DES block cipher. Most widely used mode of DES. Invented by Ehrsam, Meyer, Smith and Tuchman in 1976. Wikipedia
Diffie–Hellman key Exchange (DHE) (aka: Diffie-Hellman (DH)) Key negotiation and agreement protocol used in public key cryptography. Asymmetric algorithm used to create shared keys. Does not provide encryption but is used to establish the secret key between two parties. First published by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman in 1976.
| DH1 | (Legacy) 768 bit key. |
| DH2 | (Legacy) 1024 bit key |
| DH5 | (Legacy) 1536 bit key |
| DH7 | |
| DH14 | 2048 bit key |
| DH15 | 3072 bit key |
| DH16 | 4096 bit key |
| DH19 | supports Elliptical Curve Cryptography |
| DH20 | supports Elliptical Curve Cryptography |
| DH24 | supports Elliptical Curve Cryptography |
X.25 ITU-T standard protocol suite for packet switched wide area network (WAN) communication. Published in "The Orange Book" in 1976. Wikipedia
Emacs Comically known as "Eight Megabytes and Constantly Swapping" or "Esc-Meta-Alt-Ctrl-s" Wikipedia
1975
Microsoft Tech company based in Redmond Washington. Founded April 4, 1975. Website Wikipedia
Homebrew Computer Club Early computer hobbyist group in Menlo Park, California. Met from March 1975 to December 1986. First meeting held on March 5, 1975. Wikipedia
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) Non-volatile firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). Created by Gary Kildall and first appeared in the CP/M operating system in 1975. Succeeded by Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI). Wikipedia
X10 Allows for data signal to be sent over alternating current. Primarily used in home automation. Originally developed in 1975. Wikipedia
1974
grep Utility that searches strings of text using regular expressions. First released November 1974. Wikipedia
Intel 8080 8-bit Microprocessor developed by Intel. Introduced in April, 1974. Wikipedia
Telenet Commercial packet switched network. Went into service in 1974. Wikipedia
Special Interest Group on Computer GRAPHics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH) Annual conference on computer graphics (CG) convened by the ACM SIGGRAPH organization. First held in 1974. Website Wikipedia
1973
Sergey Brin Co-founded Google with Larry Page. Born August 21, 1973. Website Wikipedia
window The border around an application. Can be traced as far back as the Xerox Alto. Wikipedia
Xerox Alto First computer designed with a GUI. Released March 1, 1973. Wikipedia
Dennis Ritchie Developed the C programming language with help from Ken Thompson in 1973. Wikipedia
Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (aka: TCP/IP model, Department of Defense (DoD) model) Protocol suite. The IP suite is commonly known as TCP/IP because the foundational protocols in the suite are the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP).
| 1 | network interface |
| 2 | internet |
| 3 | transport |
| 4 | application |
Predates the OSI model, a more comprehensive reference framework for general networking systems. Replaced proprietary protocol suits such as AppleTalk and Novell's Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange (IPX/SPX). Wikipedia
1972
Pong Video game. Released November 29, 1972. Wikipedia
Atari Founded by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney June 27, 1972. Wikipedia
Intel 8008 8-bit Microprocessor developed by Intel. Introduced in April, 1972. Wikipedia
1971
Led Zeppelin IV Released November 8, 1971. Wikipedia
vi Text editor that is standard in most UNIX based operating systems. vi comes from the visual mode in the ex text editor. YouTube Linux Command
1970
Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) Based off UNIX. Developed in the 1970s by Wikipedia
fiber-optic Type of cable consisting of a thin flexible transparent glass or plastic fiber slightly thicker than a human hair. Can transmit from 100Mbps to 10Gbps for several miles. Uses pulses of light to transmit data making it immune to wiretapping and electrical interference. Two cable types: Single-Mode Fiber (SMF) and Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF). First developed in the 1970s. Wikipedia
past
Apollo 11 Landed on the moon July 20, 1969. Wikipedia
Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) Processor manufacturer. Founded May 1, 1969. Wikipedia
PDP-7 Used by Ken Thompson to write UNIX in 1969. Wikipedia
Ken Thompson Developed the UNIX operating system in 1969. Also developed the B programming language.
Apollo 8 television broadcast Crew of Apollo 8 read the first 10 verses of the Book of Genesis as they orbited the moon on Christmas Eve. Most watched television program of its time. Aired December 24, 1968. Wikipedia PBS
Apollo 8 First manned spacecraft to leave Earth's orbit. Launched December 21, 1968. Wikipedia
Intel Founded by Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore July 18, 1968. Website Wikipedia
Moore's law The observation that the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years. Named after Gordon Moore. Published on April 19, 1965 stating a one year rate of change. Revised the rate in 1975 to approximately every two years. Wikipedia
Michael Dell Founder and CEO of Dell. Born February 23, 1965. Website Wikipedia
CDC 6600 Mainframe supercomputer from Control Data Corporation. Delivered January 14, 1965 to CERN. Wikipedia CERN
Bruce Schneier American cryptographer, computer security professional, privacy specialist and writer. Born January 15, 1963. Website Wikipedia
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) World's largest association of technical professionals. Founded January 1, 1963. Wikipedia Website
Spacewar! First game on the PDP-1 Released in 1962. Wikipedia
Sega Japanese video game company. Founded in 1940 as Service Games. Renamed to Sega June 3, 1960. Wikipedia
MAchine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) Standard for items catalogued by libraries. Developed by Henriette Avram in the 1960s. Wikipedia
Minicomputer Small computer developed in the mid-1960s. Wikipedia
supercomputer Many processors connected together (either distributed or cluster) to solve complex problems. First designed by Seymour Cray in the 1960's Wikipedia
Text Reckoning And Compiling (TRAC) Programming language. Developed in the early 1960s by Calvin Mooers. Wikipedia
UNIX An operating system developed by Bell Labs with Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie. Originally written in the PDP-7 assembly language. OS X and Linux are two popular operating systems based off UNIX. Wikipedia
Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) Type of microprocessor that uses a simplified instruction set for better performance. Originated in the 1960's. Wikipedia
Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) The opposite of RISC. Originated in the 1960's. Wikipedia
Asynchronous DRAM (ADRAM) (legacy) First type of DRAM in use. Originated in the 1960s and in commonly in use until about 1997. Replaced by SDRAM. Wikipedia
Research Triangle Park (RTP) One of the world's largest research parks. Located in North Carolina. Founded in 1959. Wikipedia
Fortran Programming language. First manual for Fortran was published October 15, 1956. First Fortan compiler delivered in April 1957. Wikipedia
Steve Jobs Co-founder of Apple with Steve Wozniak. February 24, 1955 - October 5, 2011 Wikipedia
phone freaking (phreaking) Faking the tones for long distance calls on an analog telephone network. Began in the United States during the 1950s. Wikipedia Netacad
IBM 704 First mass-produced computer with floating-point arithmetic hardware. Introduced in 1954. Wikipedia IBM
IBM 650 Magnetic Drum Data-Processing Machine World’s first mass-produced computer. Announced 1953. Wikipedia This Day in Tech History
Alan Cooper The father of Visual Basic. Born June 3, 1952. Wikipedia
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Home to the IBM Sequoia. Established 1952. Website Wikipedia
Radia Perlman STP is based on an algorithm she invented. Born January 1, 1951. Wikipedia
Bayonet Neill–Concelman connector (BNC connector) (aka: British Naval Connector) Coaxial RF connector that was commonly used to attach stations to a 10Base2 (thinnet) network. Patented in 1951. Wikipedia
RTV-G-4 Bumper United States rocket. Bumper 8 was the first successful rocket to launch from Cape Canaveral on July 24, 1950. Wikipedia
F connector (aka: F-type) Coaxial RF connector commonly used for cable television and modems, usually with RG-6/U cable or the older RG-59/U. Invented by Eric E. Winston in the early 1950s. Wikipedia
Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) Novel by George Orwell. Published June 8, 1949. Wikipedia
Fluke Manufactures testing equipment for electronics. Founded in 1948. Wikipedia Website
John Walson Recognized as the founder of the cable television industry. Invented cable TV in the spring of 1948. Wikipedia
gyrator Proposed in 1948 by Bernard D. H. Tellegen. Wikipedia
bug Error or defect. First "actual" bug found in the Harvard Mark II when a moth was trapped in a relay on September 9, 1947. Wikipedia
Harvard Mark II Wikipedia
Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer (ENIAC) First electronic general-purpose computer. Announced February 14, 1946. Wikipedia
John Sculley Third CEO of Apple from 1983-1993. Born April 6, 1939. Wikipedia Cult of Mac
Adam Osborne Founder of Osborne Computer Corporation (OCC). March 6, 1939 - March 18, 2003. Wikipedia
Hewlett Packard (HP) Tech company based in Palo Alto, California. Founded January 1, 1939. Website Wikipedia
War of the Worlds The Mercury Theatre's radio adaptation of The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells was broadcast on October 30, 1938. Wikipedia
Samsung Founded March 1, 1938. Wikipedia
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Frist full-length animated feature film. Produced by Walt Disney. Released December 21, 1937. Wikipedia
Atanasoff-Berry computer (ABC) First automatic electronic digital computer. Designed 1937 to solve systems of linear equations. Wikipedia
Andrew Grove (Andy Grove) Former CEO of Intel. September 2, 1936 - March 21, 2016 Wikipedia
Ronald Wayne Co-founded Apple Computer with Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs. Born May 17, 1934. Wikipedia
Gordon Moore Known for Moore's law. Founded NM Electronics with Robert Noyce in 1968 which later became Intel Corporation. Born January 3, 1929 Wikipedia
Robert Noyce Co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel Corporation in 1968. December 12, 1927 - June 3, 1990 Wikipedia
The Jazz Singer first feature-length motion picture with synchronized sound October 6, 1927. Wikipedia
pentode Invented by Gilles Holst and Bernhard D.H. Tellegen in 1926. Wikipedia
Seymour Cray The father of supercomputing. September 28, 1925 - October 5, 1996 Wikipedia
John Backus Directed the team that invented Fortran. Invented Backus-Naur form (BNF). December 3, 1924 - March 17, 2007 Wikipedia
Jay Wright Forrester Developed what would become Random Access Memory Born July 14, 1918. Wikipedia
Enigma machine Invented by Arthur Scherbius in 1918. Wikipedia
Alan Turing June 23, 1912 - June 7, 1954 Wikipedia
Light Emitting Diode (LED) Anode (+ long positive lead). Cathode (- short negative lead). Discovered by H. J. Round in 1907. Popularized by Nick Holonyak in 1962. Wikipedia YouTube (Make:)
Grace Hopper December 9, 1906 - January 1, 1992. Wikipedia
Xerox Founded 1906. Website Wikipedia
Harry Harlow Experimented with baby monkeys and comfort. (October 31, 1905 - December 6, 1981) Wikipedia
Konrad Lorenz Studied ducklings and the imprinting period (critical period). (November 7, 1903 - February 27, 1989) Wikipedia
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Published SHA. Founded in 1901 Website Wikipedia
Bernard D.H. Tellegen Inventor of the pentode & the gyrator. June 24, 1900 - August 30, 1990. Wikipedia
NEC Founded as Nippon Electric Company July 17, 1899. Website Wikipedia Computer History Museum
General Electric (GE) Founded April 15, 1892. Website Wikipedia
Nintendo Japanese video game company. Founded as a playing card company September 23, 1889. Wikipedia
optical disc (OD) (disc) Formats include CD, DVD, Blu-ray, etc. Standard physical size is 12cm (4.7 inches). First recorded historical use of an optical disc was in 1884 when Alexander Graham Bell, Chichester Bell and Charles Sumner Tainter recorded sound on a glass disc using a beam of light. Wikipedia
National Cash Register Now NCR Corporation. Founded in 1884 Wikipedia
NCR Corporation Founded in 1884. Wikipedia
Arthur Scherbius Inventor of the Enigma machine. October 30, 1878 - May 13, 1929. Wikipedia
Nikola Tesla July 10, 1856 - January 7, 1943. Wikipedia
Submarine Telegraph Company Ran the first telegraph cable between England and France. Operaional November 13, 1850. Wikipedia HistoryofInformation.com This day in Tech History
Alexander Graham Bell Inventor of the first practical telephone. March 3, 1847 - August 2, 1922. Wikipedia The Guardian
Mathew Brady Opened his own photogrophy studio in New York in 1844. May 18, 1822 - January 15, 1896 Wikipedia
John Pierpont Morgan (J. P. Morgan) April 17, 1837 - March 31, 1913 Wikipedia
Weber's Law ΔI = kI Wikipedia
inductor Coil of wire wrapped around a core, such as iron. Generates an electromagnetic field. Developed by Michael Faraday in 1831 when he discovered electromagnetic induction. Wikipedia YouTube (Make:)
Antonio Meucci Inventor of the telephone. April 13 1808 - October 18 1889 Wikipedia
Ernst Heinrich Weber German physician who is considered one of the founders of experimental psychology. (June 24, 1795 - January 26, 1878) Wikipedia
Charles Babbage Wikipedia Computer History Museum
Independence Day (aka: Fourth of July) Signing of the Declaration of Independence by the Continental Congress of the United States July 4, 2017. Wikipedia
Cramer's rule Explicit formula for the solution of a system of linear equations with as many equations as unknowns, valid whenever the system has a unique solution. Named after Gabriel Cramer who published the rule in 1750. Wikipedia
Gabriel Cramer Swiss mathematician known for Cramer's rule. July 31, 1704 - January 4, 1752. Wikipedia
Blaise Pascal French mathematician. Jun 19, 1623 - August 19, 1662. Wikipedia
Giovan Battista Bellaso Italian cryptologist. Born in 1505. Wikipedia